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Animal Anatomy > The Male Reproductive System > Flashcards

The Male Reproductive System Flashcards

1
Q

How are gametes produced?

A

Meiosis

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2
Q

The genetic material that contains a complete blueprint for all of the structures and functions in the animals body it’s called what?

A

Chromosomes

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3
Q

The total number of chromosomes in the nucleus of each cell is called what?

A

Diploid chromosome number

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4
Q

A female mule is called what?

A

Molly

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5
Q

What is the name for a male mule?

A

John

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6
Q

The reduced number of chromosomes in the gametes is called what?

A

Haploid chromosome number

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7
Q

The process where a single cell divides into two identical daughter cells is called what

A

Mitosis

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8
Q

Where is spermatozoa produced?

A

Seminiferous tubules

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9
Q

Where are ova produced?

A

Follicles

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10
Q

The precursor cells to ova are called what?

A

Oocytes

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11
Q

Where does Oogenesis take place?

A

Ovarian follicle

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12
Q

The primary spermatocyte & oocyte Are divided by what process?

A

Meiosis

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13
Q

The Secondary spermatocytes and oocyte divide by what process?

A

Mitosis

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14
Q

What are the two main functions of the testes?

A

Spermatogenesis and hormone production

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15
Q

What cells produce male sex hormones (androgens)?

A

Interstitial cells

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16
Q

What hormone is responsible for male body shape, libido, enhanced muscle, and bone development that gives male animals they’re size and bulk?

A

Testosterone

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17
Q

The cap like structure covering the head of spermatozoa is called what?

A

Acrosome

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18
Q

What part of spermatozoa contains digestive enzymes that are released once the spermatozoon is inside the female reproduction tract to penetrate through the layers surrounding the ovum to accomplish fertilization?

A

Acrosome

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19
Q

What part of spermatozoa contains a large concentration of mitochondria arranged in a spiral pattern and acts as the power plant of the cell?

A

Mid-piece

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20
Q

The fibrous cord that connects the fetal testis with the bottom of the scrotum is called what?

A

Gubernaculum

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21
Q

The two slit like openings in the abdominal muscles of the groin region where the testes are pulled down through soon after birth

A

Inguinal rings

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22
Q

The sack of skin that house is the testes and helps regulate the temperature is called what

A

Scrotum

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23
Q

The band like muscle that passes down through the inguinal ring and attaches to the scrotum. It can adjust the position of the testes relative to the body

A

Cremaster muscle

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24
Q

The two compartments of the scrotum are distinguished externally by a middle ridge called what?

A

Raphe

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25
Q

Internally, the raphe connects to a muscular partition called the ___________ that serves to divide the scrotum into its two areas.

A

Septum

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26
Q

What are the tubelike connective tissue structures that contain blood vessels, nerves, lymphatic vessels, and the vas deferens and Link the testes with the rest of the body?

A

Spermatic cords

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27
Q

What vessel Carries blood down to the testes?

A

The testicular artery

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28
Q

What structure surrounds the testicular artery and contains a venous network of approximately 10 veins draining the testis and epididymis?

A

Pampiniform plexus

29
Q

What are the two layers of connective tissues called that surround the testes in the scrotum and the spermatic cord?

A

Vaginal tunics

30
Q

The thin inner layer called the visceral vaginal tunic is also known as what?

A

Proper vaginal tunic

31
Q

The thick outer layer called the parietal vaginal tunic is also known as what?

A

Common vaginal tunic

32
Q

The fibrous connective tissue capsule that protects and supports the soft contents of the testes that lie beneath the tunics is called what?

A

Tunica albuginea

33
Q

The small portions of the tunica albuginea that divide each testis Into tiny lobules that contain seminiferous tubules

A

Septa

34
Q

The complex system of ducts that attaches to both ends of the seminiferous tubules is called what?

A

Rete testis

35
Q

What hormone influences the interstitial cells to produce androgens?

A

Luteinizing hormone

36
Q

What is another name for LH in the male?

A

Interstitial cell stimulating hormone (ICSH)

37
Q

What cells do spermatids attach to that provide mechanical and nutritional support and help shield The developing spermatozoa from the body’s immune system?

A

Sertoli cells

38
Q

What is the name of the flat ribbon like structure known as the storage site for spermatozoa and maturation before being Expelled by ejaculation?

A

Epididymis

39
Q

What type of tumor is responsible for producing feminization of the male dog?

A

Sertoli cell tumor

40
Q

What structure is responsible for moving mature spermatozoa from the epididymis up to the urethra when ejaculation occurs?

A

Vas deferens

41
Q

In many species, the vas deferens enlarges Just before joining the urethra. This enlargement is called what?

A

The Ampulla

42
Q

Once spermatozoa are in the urethra, they are mixed with secretions from accessory reproductive glands to form what?

A

Semen

43
Q

What are the two functions of the male urethra?

A

Urine expulsion & ejaculation

44
Q

What simple sugar acts as an energy source for spermatozoa?

A

Fructose

45
Q

What domestic animals lack Seminal vessels?

A

Cats and dogs

46
Q

What gland surrounds the urethra and produces seminal fluid?

A

The prostate gland

47
Q

The pea sized glands that produce a thick clear mucus prior to ejaculation that clears and lubricates the urethra for passage of semen are called what?

A

Bulbourethal glands or Cowper’s glands

48
Q

What species lacks bulbourethral/Cowper’s glands?

A

Canines

49
Q

What are the three main parts of the penis?

A

Roots, body, & glans

50
Q

What attaches the penis to the brim of the pelvis and consist primarily of Crura?

A

The roots of the penis

51
Q

The two bands of connective tissue that make up the roots of the penis and are covered by the ischiocavernosus muscle are called what?

A

Crura

52
Q

The largest part of the penis composed of a spongy Network of fibrous connective tissue and many sinuses is called what?

A

The body of the penis

53
Q

What two erectile tissue structures make up the body of the penis?

A

Corpus cavernosum urethrae & the Corpus cavernosum penis

54
Q

What erectile tissue structure forms a sleeve around the urethra as it passes through the body of the penis?

A

The corpus Cavernosum urethrae

55
Q

What is another name for the corpus cavernosum urethrae?

A

Corpus spongiosum

56
Q

The larger body of a erectile tissue dorsal to the urethra is called what?

A

Corpus cavernosum penis

57
Q

The distal free end of the penis or the tip is called what?

A

Glans

58
Q

What species have short spines covering their glans?

A

Felines

59
Q

The prepuce of what species contains a small preputial pouch in which urine and cellular debris accumulate?

A

Boars

60
Q

In the boar, where does decomposing urine And cellular debris accumulate to give them their typical ripe odor?

A

Preputial pouch

61
Q

List five animals who posses an os penis

A
  1. Canines
  2. Raccoons
  3. Beavers
  4. Rats
  5. Walrus
62
Q

What structure in the penis of a dog swells during breeding and gets tightly clamped by the vaginal and vulva muscles of the female resulting in a tie?

A

Bulb of the glans

63
Q

How long is a tie supposed to last in dogs?

A

15-20 minutes

64
Q

In the horse the widest part of their mushroom shaped glans it is called what?

A

Corona glandis

65
Q

In the horse, the central depression that extends from The urethral process at the tip of the penis is called what?

A

Fossa glandis

66
Q

The non-erect penis of what three species is bent into a sigmoid flexure?

A
  1. Bull
  2. Ram
  3. Boar
67
Q

What muscle retracts the penis back into the sigmoid flexure shape?

A

Retractor penis muscle

68
Q

The bent S shape of a non-erect penis is termed what?

A

Sigmoid flexure

Animal Anatomy (3 decks)

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