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Animal Anatomy > The Male Reproductive System > Flashcards

The Male Reproductive System Flashcards

1
Q

How are gametes produced?

A

Meiosis

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2
Q

The genetic material that contains a complete blueprint for all of the structures and functions in the animals body it’s called what?

A

Chromosomes

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3
Q

The total number of chromosomes in the nucleus of each cell is called what?

A

Diploid chromosome number

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4
Q

A female mule is called what?

A

Molly

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5
Q

What is the name for a male mule?

A

John

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6
Q

The reduced number of chromosomes in the gametes is called what?

A

Haploid chromosome number

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7
Q

The process where a single cell divides into two identical daughter cells is called what

A

Mitosis

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8
Q

Where is spermatozoa produced?

A

Seminiferous tubules

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9
Q

Where are ova produced?

A

Follicles

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10
Q

The precursor cells to ova are called what?

A

Oocytes

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11
Q

Where does Oogenesis take place?

A

Ovarian follicle

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12
Q

The primary spermatocyte & oocyte Are divided by what process?

A

Meiosis

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13
Q

The Secondary spermatocytes and oocyte divide by what process?

A

Mitosis

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14
Q

What are the two main functions of the testes?

A

Spermatogenesis and hormone production

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15
Q

What cells produce male sex hormones (androgens)?

A

Interstitial cells

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16
Q

What hormone is responsible for male body shape, libido, enhanced muscle, and bone development that gives male animals they’re size and bulk?

A

Testosterone

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17
Q

The cap like structure covering the head of spermatozoa is called what?

A

Acrosome

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18
Q

What part of spermatozoa contains digestive enzymes that are released once the spermatozoon is inside the female reproduction tract to penetrate through the layers surrounding the ovum to accomplish fertilization?

A

Acrosome

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19
Q

What part of spermatozoa contains a large concentration of mitochondria arranged in a spiral pattern and acts as the power plant of the cell?

A

Mid-piece

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20
Q

The fibrous cord that connects the fetal testis with the bottom of the scrotum is called what?

A

Gubernaculum

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21
Q

The two slit like openings in the abdominal muscles of the groin region where the testes are pulled down through soon after birth

A

Inguinal rings

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22
Q

The sack of skin that house is the testes and helps regulate the temperature is called what

A

Scrotum

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23
Q

The band like muscle that passes down through the inguinal ring and attaches to the scrotum. It can adjust the position of the testes relative to the body

A

Cremaster muscle

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24
Q

The two compartments of the scrotum are distinguished externally by a middle ridge called what?

A

Raphe

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25
Internally, the raphe connects to a muscular partition called the ___________ that serves to divide the scrotum into its two areas.
Septum
26
What are the tubelike connective tissue structures that contain blood vessels, nerves, lymphatic vessels, and the vas deferens and Link the testes with the rest of the body?
Spermatic cords
27
What vessel Carries blood down to the testes?
The testicular artery
28
What structure surrounds the testicular artery and contains a venous network of approximately 10 veins draining the testis and epididymis?
Pampiniform plexus
29
What are the two layers of connective tissues called that surround the testes in the scrotum and the spermatic cord?
Vaginal tunics
30
The thin inner layer called the visceral vaginal tunic is also known as what?
Proper vaginal tunic
31
The thick outer layer called the parietal vaginal tunic is also known as what?
Common vaginal tunic
32
The fibrous connective tissue capsule that protects and supports the soft contents of the testes that lie beneath the tunics is called what?
Tunica albuginea
33
The small portions of the tunica albuginea that divide each testis Into tiny lobules that contain seminiferous tubules
Septa
34
The complex system of ducts that attaches to both ends of the seminiferous tubules is called what?
Rete testis
35
What hormone influences the interstitial cells to produce androgens?
Luteinizing hormone
36
What is another name for LH in the male?
Interstitial cell stimulating hormone (ICSH)
37
What cells do spermatids attach to that provide mechanical and nutritional support and help shield The developing spermatozoa from the body’s immune system?
Sertoli cells
38
What is the name of the flat ribbon like structure known as the storage site for spermatozoa and maturation before being Expelled by ejaculation?
Epididymis
39
What type of tumor is responsible for producing feminization of the male dog?
Sertoli cell tumor
40
What structure is responsible for moving mature spermatozoa from the epididymis up to the urethra when ejaculation occurs?
Vas deferens
41
In many species, the vas deferens enlarges Just before joining the urethra. This enlargement is called what?
The Ampulla
42
Once spermatozoa are in the urethra, they are mixed with secretions from accessory reproductive glands to form what?
Semen
43
What are the two functions of the male urethra?
Urine expulsion & ejaculation
44
What simple sugar acts as an energy source for spermatozoa?
Fructose
45
What domestic animals lack Seminal vessels?
Cats and dogs
46
What gland surrounds the urethra and produces seminal fluid?
The prostate gland
47
The pea sized glands that produce a thick clear mucus prior to ejaculation that clears and lubricates the urethra for passage of semen are called what?
Bulbourethal glands or Cowper’s glands
48
What species lacks bulbourethral/Cowper’s glands?
Canines
49
What are the three main parts of the penis?
Roots, body, & glans
50
What attaches the penis to the brim of the pelvis and consist primarily of Crura?
The roots of the penis
51
The two bands of connective tissue that make up the roots of the penis and are covered by the ischiocavernosus muscle are called what?
Crura
52
The largest part of the penis composed of a spongy Network of fibrous connective tissue and many sinuses is called what?
The body of the penis
53
What two erectile tissue structures make up the body of the penis?
Corpus cavernosum urethrae & the Corpus cavernosum penis
54
What erectile tissue structure forms a sleeve around the urethra as it passes through the body of the penis?
The corpus Cavernosum urethrae
55
What is another name for the corpus cavernosum urethrae?
Corpus spongiosum
56
The larger body of a erectile tissue dorsal to the urethra is called what?
Corpus cavernosum penis
57
The distal free end of the penis or the tip is called what?
Glans
58
What species have short spines covering their glans?
Felines
59
The prepuce of what species contains a small preputial pouch in which urine and cellular debris accumulate?
Boars
60
In the boar, where does decomposing urine And cellular debris accumulate to give them their typical ripe odor?
Preputial pouch
61
List five animals who posses an os penis
1. Canines 2. Raccoons 3. Beavers 4. Rats 5. Walrus
62
What structure in the penis of a dog swells during breeding and gets tightly clamped by the vaginal and vulva muscles of the female resulting in a tie?
Bulb of the glans
63
How long is a tie supposed to last in dogs?
15-20 minutes
64
In the horse the widest part of their mushroom shaped glans it is called what?
Corona glandis
65
In the horse, the central depression that extends from The urethral process at the tip of the penis is called what?
Fossa glandis
66
The non-erect penis of what three species is bent into a sigmoid flexure?
1. Bull 2. Ram 3. Boar
67
What muscle retracts the penis back into the sigmoid flexure shape?
Retractor penis muscle
68
The bent S shape of a non-erect penis is termed what?
Sigmoid flexure

Animal Anatomy (3 decks)

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