The Lungs Flashcards
What are the lungs
They are relatively large organisms with a large number of cells
What do the lungs do to the body
They maintain a high body temperature therefore they have high rates of metabolic rates and respiratory rates
What do the lungs unsure
They ensure efficient had exchange between the air and their blood
How do the lungs protect us for infection
They cells lining in the bronchiole/branches and trachea produce mucus, this traps unwanted material
The villa in the cell sweep the musics towards the mouth to be swallowed or rejected
To ensure efficient exchange of materials it must be
Large surface area
Thin membrane for short diffusion pathways
Good blood supply, there must also be a movement of internal and external medium to maintain diffusion gradient
What is the mechanism of breathing
To maintain diffusion of gasses across the alveolar epithelium air must constantly move in and out of the lungs this process is ‘breathing’ or ventilation
What is the process of inspiration
When the pressure outside the lungs is greater than inside our lungs
What is expiration
When the pressure inside of greater than outside air is forced out
What are the 3 types of muscles that is brought about when Pressure changes in the inside
The diaphragm
Sheet of muscles separating the thorax from the abdomen
What is inspiration
It is an active process- required energy (muscle contraction)
What is the difference between extercostal and internal muscles
Extercostal muscles contract
Internal muscles relax
What is the effect of the rib cage pulled up and out
It increases volume of chest( thorax)
What happens to the diaphragm contracts and moves down
This increases volume in thorax further and reduces pressure inside
tidal volume
volume of air inhaled and exhaled in a normal single breath
expiratory reserve volume
volume of a maximal exhalation after normal exhalation
