The Liberal State, c1911-18 Flashcards
When did Italy get fully united?
1870
What was the constitution created in 1848 called what was rights did it guarantee?
The constitution was called Statuto and it guaranteed:
1.) equality before the law
2.)The right of free assembly
3.)A free press
it also set up the constitutional monarchy and elected parliament that became the basis of Italy’s political system.
Under the Italian monarchy what could the king do?
- Appoint and dismiss government ministers and senators, including the prime minister
- Control foreign policy
- He was also the face of the gov at times of crisis.
What was the Prime Ministers role at this time?
The Prime minister was the head of the Government, and was responsible for the day-to-day running of the country.He needed the support of the parliament to keep his position and to propose laws.
What were the two chambers in the Italian Parliament?
The Senate was the upper house= they were appointed by the king for life.
The Chamber of Deputies was the lower house it was elected every 5 years and had more political power then senate.
What kind of limitations were put on Italy’s electorate system?
There were limitations of Italians who could vote such as age,property ownership and educational qualifications which meant that Italians felt alienated from the political system.
Name all the political parties in Italy
- Liberals
- Radicals and Republicans
- Socialists
- Catholics
- Nationalists
What was Trasformismo?
Due to the weak parties,governments were always forming coalitions of different factions this was Trasformismo. It meant Italian political life was very unstable because coalitions fell apart quickly, leading to a succession of short-term gov.
eg- in the years 1900-11 there were nine governments and only one lasted two years.
How did politicians form these coalitions?
Bribes to political opponents and offering potential colleagues important jobs or financial incentives.
This resulted in politics being far removed from the ordinary Italian.
Where was economic growth mostly concentrated during the North South Divide?
The North and agricultural policies affected the people in the south negatively.
People thought that the gov economic policies had not improved their lives, and this later led to support for increasingly radical political groups
Why was there considerable economic growth under Prime Minister Giovanni Giolitti?
The state invested in industries and encouraged the use of new technologies.Most of the growth was in industry particularly new industries.
By how much did Exports and industrial workers increase by between 1901 and 1911?
Exports increased at a rate of 4.5% per year, and industrial workers increased by 2 million between 1901 and 1911.
what did the North-west specialise in and why?
The north-west specialised in engineering and textiles, , they were particularly successful because of its geographical closeness to the rest of Europe, its transport links, preexisting industry, accessible markers and power sources.
Why was Italy’s industrial development limited and localised?
- )There was a need to import iron, steel and coal because of a lack of resources
- )Italy had a large but unskilled workforce
- ) Industrial machinery needed to be imported.
What did Giolitti’s gov introduce to improve development in the south?
A economist called Francesco introduced policies to try and encourage growth, the construction of tax incentives and loans.
