The Laws of Motion and The Formation of Planets (Lecture Slides 2-3)

Question 1

Speed

Answer 1

Rate at which an object moves (i.e. distance traveled in a given time)

Question 2

Velocity

Answer 2

An object’s speed in a certain direction (ex: 10 m/s moving east)

Question 3

Acceleration

Answer 3

A change in object’s velocity. A change in either speed or direction is an acceleration.
(A car is accelerating when its velocity is increasing, when its velocity is decreasing/negative acceleration, and when its changing directions even though its speed stays constant)

Question 4

Momentum

Answer 4

The (mass x velocity) of an object

Question 5

Force

Answer 5

Anything that can cause a change in an object’s momentum.

Question 6

What is gravity and the equation for gravity?

Answer 6

Gravity is a force that acts between any two masses. Equation: Fg = G (M1M2/d2)

Question 7

How do mass and distance affect the gravitational attraction between objects?

Answer 7

If mass increases, the force of gravity increases. If distance increases, the force of gravity decreases.

Question 8

Mass

Answer 8

The amount of matter in an object (a man’s mass doesn’t change between Earth and the Moon)

Question 9

Weight

Answer 9

A measurement of the force which acts upon an object (a man’s weight decreases on the Moon because there is less gravity).

Question 10

Describe the acceleration of gravity.

Answer 10

Forces cause masses to accelerate. As objects fall, they accelerate because of the force of gravity. The higher you drop the a ball, the greater its velocity when it lands.