The Late Middle Ages Vocab

Question 1

Flagellants

Answer 1

People who sought to do penance believed that the plague was God’s punishment for sin by flagellating (whipping) themselves.

Question 2

Hundred Years War 1337 - 1453

Answer 2

A time when England and France were fighting over social, political and economic reasons.

Question 3

Joan of Arc

Answer 3

French peasant girl who raised the English siege of Orleans (1429), which marked the turning point in the 100 years war.

Question 4

“Little Ice Age”

Answer 4

Around 1300 climate changed for the worse by becoming wetter and colder.

Question 5

Great Famine

Answer 5

A terrible famine that struck Europe as a result of the “little ice age” in 1315 through 1322.

Question 6

bubu

Answer 6

The classic symptom of the plague, the growth of a nut in the armpit, groin or neck. This boil gave the plague its distinctive name and caused agonizing pain.

Question 7

Concilitarists

Answer 7

People who believed that the authority in the Roman Catholic Church should rest in a general council composed of clergy, theologians and laypeople, rather than the Pope alone.

Question 8

Babylonian Captivity

Answer 8

The period from 1309 to 1376 when the popes resided in Avignon, not Rome.

The phrase refers to the seventy year when the Hebrews were held captive in Babylon.

Question 9

Great Schism

Answer 9

The division or split, in church leadership from 1378 to 1417 when there were two, then three popes.

Question 10

Confraternities

Answer 10

Voluntary lay groups organized by occupation, devotional preference, neighborhood or charitable activity.

• organized in absence of clergy by Laypeople

Question 11

Jacquerie

Answer 11

A massive uprising by French peasants in 1358 protesting heavy taxation.

Question 12

English Peasants’ revolt

Answer 12

Revolt by English peasants in 1381 in response to changing economic conditions.

Question 13

Statute of Kilkenny

Answer 13

Law issued in 1366 that discriminated against the Irish, forbidding marriage between the English and the Irish, requiring the use of the English language, and denying the Irish access to ecclesiastical offices.

Question 14

John Wycliffe

Answer 14

English scholar and theologian.

• scripture alone should be the standard of Christian belief
• Papal secular power had no foundation in scripture
• Wanted Christians to read the Bible in English, translated the first complete translation of the bible.

Question 15

Lollards

Answer 15

The Followers of John Wycilffe

From a dutch word for “mumble” by those who ridiculed them.

• Spread Wycliffe’s ideas and copies of his Bible.
• Allowed women to preach and play a significant role in the church

Question 16

Jan Hus

Answer 16

Bohemian theologian built on Wycliffe’s ideas (brough by Oxford students)

• Denied Papal authority
• declared indulgences “usless”
• called for translations of the Bible into his language

Tried and burned at the stake as a heretic at the council of Constance.

Question 17

Poitiers

Answer 17

Edward the Black Prince defeated the French and captured the French king, whom he held for ransom.

Question 18

Agincourt

Answer 18

Henry V defeated larger in numbers French due to the skill of his longbow men

Question 19

Salic Law

Answer 19

A sixth-century law code of the Franks, part of fundamental law of France, used to exclude Isabella of England of ruling France.

Question 20

‘The Imitation of Christ’ by Thomas a Kempis

Answer 20

Gained wide appeal from Laypeople. Urges Christians to take Christ as their role model; seek perfection in a simple way of life and look for guidance in scripture on spiritual life .

Question 21

Christine de Pizan

Answer 21

Widowed at 25 with young children to care for. Decided to write for living.

Question 22

Black Death

Answer 22

Bubonic plague the first struck Europe in 1347. It spread in either the bubonic form by flea bites or in the pnemonic form directly from the breath of one person to another. In less virulent forms, the disease reappeared many times until 1701.

Question 23

Fur Collar crime

Answer 23

The rich ganging up on the poor.