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ANATOMY > The Larynx > Flashcards

The Larynx Flashcards

1
Q

what is larynx suspended from?

A

hyoid bone via thyroid membrane

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2
Q

what is trachea suspended from?

A

cricoid cartilage of larynx

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3
Q

what are the 3 unpaired cartilage of larynx?

A

epiglottis
cricoid
thyroid

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4
Q

What 1/6 paired cartilage of larynx?

A

arytenoid

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5
Q

why does the larynx have intrinsic muscles?

A

for speech

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6
Q

how many laminae does thyroid cartilage have?

A

2 laminae with superior and inferior horns

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7
Q

what does the inferior horn articulate with?

A

cricoid cartilage at cricothyroid joints

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8
Q

What does the cricoid cartilage have?

A

anterior arch and posterior lamina

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9
Q

What does cricoid cartilage articulate with?

A
  • thyroid cartilage so has lateral facets

- arytenoid so has superior facets

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10
Q

What does arytenoid cartilage articulate with?

A

superior aspect of cricoid lamina

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11
Q

what does the cricoarytenoid joint allow?

A

arytenoid to rotate

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12
Q

what shape is epiglottis cartilage?

A

leaf shaped

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13
Q

What is the thyrohyoid membrane?

A

runs length of superior border of thyroid cartilage and inserts into hyoid bone

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14
Q

What is quadrangular membrane?

A

runs from superior process of arytenoid cartilage to lateral edge of epiglottic cartilage

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15
Q

what is the vestibular ligament?

A

freen inferior edge of quad. membrane

- membranous core of vestibular folds

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16
Q

what does the cricothyroid membrane attach to?

A
  • superior border of cricoid arch

- thyroid cartilage anteriorly

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17
Q

what is the upper membrane of the cricothyroid called?

A

free and thickenes= vocal ligament ,

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18
Q

what is the vocal ligament?

A

membranous core of true vocal cord

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19
Q

what is the origin of the cricothyroid muscle?

A

anterolateral aspect of cricoid arch

20
Q

where does the cricothyroid muscle insert?

A

inferior horn and lower border of thyroid cartilage

21
Q

what does the cricothyroid muscle do?

A

move cricoid arch and thyroid laminae

- pulls thyroid forward/down

22
Q

what does cricothyroid muscle cause?

A

increase length in vocal folds (lower pitch) and tension so raises pitch

23
Q

what innervates cricothyroid muscle?

A

external branch of superior laryngeal nerve

24
Q

what is the origin of the thyroarytenoid muscle?

A

anterior deep surface of thyroid cartilage

25
Q

where does the thyroarytenoid muscle insert?

A

superior process of arytenoid cartilage

26
Q

what does the thyroarytenoid muscle do?

A

separate cricoid arch and thyroid laminae

27
Q

what does thyroarytenoid muscle cause?

A

decrease in length of vocal folds (higher pitch) and tension so lower pitch

28
Q

What innervates thyroarytenoid muscle?

A

recurrent laryngeal nerve (X)

29
Q

what does the Transverse and Oblique interarytenoid muscles do?

A

move arytenoids medially

30
Q

What innervates trans/oblique interarytenoid muscles?

A

recurrent laryngeal nerve (X)

31
Q

What is the origin of lateral cricoarytenoid muscle

A

superolateral border of cricoid cartilage

32
Q

where does lateral cricoarytenoid muscle insert?

A

muscular process of arytenoid cartilage

33
Q

what does lateral cricoarytenoid muscle do?

A

medially rotates arytenoid cartilage so adduction of vocal folds

34
Q

What innervates of lateral cricoarytenoid muscle?

A

recurrent laryngeal nerve (x)

35
Q

What is the origin of posterior cricoarytenoid muscle

A

posterior surface of cricoid lamina

36
Q

where does posterior cricoarytenoid muscle insert

A

muscular process of arytenoid cartilage

37
Q

what does posterior cricoarytenoid muscle do?

A

laterally rotates arytenoid cartilage so abduction of vocal folds

38
Q

What innervates posterior cricoarytenoid muscle?

A

recurrent laryngeal nerve (X)

39
Q

why do we need abduction of folds?

A

for normal breathing

40
Q

What does the VAGUS nerve do?

A

provide motor/sensory supply to all muscles of larynx

41
Q

what are branches of vagus nerve?

A

superior and recurrent laryngeal branches

42
Q

what does the superior laryngeal branch divide into?

A

internal and external laryngeal nerve

43
Q

What does the recurrent laryngeal nerve innervate?

A

sensation is inferior to vocal folds and motor to all larynx muscles except cricothyroid

44
Q

what does the external laryngeal nerve innervate?

A

motor supply to cricothyroid muscle

45
Q

what does the internal laryngeal nerve innervate?

A

sensation superior to vocal folds

46
Q

where is recurrent laryngeal nerve?

A
  • arch beneath subclavian artery
  • ascends in groove between trachea & oesophagus
  • inferior border of inferior constrictor muscle of pharynx

ANATOMY (6 decks)

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