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Body System And Medical Terminalogy 1 > The Language Of Medicine > Flashcards

The Language Of Medicine Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

What is Eponyms?

A

Terms that are named for the person who discovered the illness or procedure.

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2
Q

What is acronym?

A

An abbreviation formed from the initial letter or letters of a word or phrase.

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3
Q

Root

A

The core foundation of the words meaning.

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4
Q

What is Suffix?

A

A unit of meaning attached to the end of the word.

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5
Q

What provides the overall meaning of the medical term. It can sometimes “live” by itself as a separate word.

A

Root word

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6
Q

What turns the word into a diagnosis or medical procedure?

A

Suffix

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7
Q

First cell function

A

Excretion

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8
Q

Second cell function

A

Hormone secretion

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9
Q

Third Cell Function

A

Energy reproduction

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10
Q

Fourth cell function

A

Reproduction

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11
Q

Muscle cells ________ and nerve cells _______ electrical impulses

A

Contract, Transmit

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12
Q

First main cell part

A

The cytoplasm

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13
Q

Second main cell part

A

Plasma membrane

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14
Q

Third main cell part

A

The nucleus

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15
Q

Outer boundary of the cell and is made up of proteins and lipids

A

Plasma Membrane

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16
Q

Lets substances in and out and keeps the cell intact

A

Plasma Membrane

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17
Q

Command and control center of the cell

A

Nucleus

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18
Q

First thing the nucleus contains

A

Nucleoplasm

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19
Q

Second thing a nucleus contains

A

A nucleus

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20
Q

Third thing a nucleus contains

A

ribosomes

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21
Q

A double layered substance that has openings in it to let materials pass between it and the cytoplasm.

A

Nuclear Membrane

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22
Q

It fills the space between the plasma membrane and the nucleus.

A

Cytoplasm

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23
Q

What does the cytoplasm contain?

A

Organelles & Endoplasmic Reticulum

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24
Q

Are specialized parts of cells that have important jobs in the function of the cell

A

Organelles

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25
Q

Connects the parts of the cell and functions in transportation and storage

A

Endoplasmic reticulum

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26
Q

What are the two types of Endoplasmic Reticulum?

A

Rough and Smooth

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27
Q

Metastasis

A

cancers that have the tendency to send forth cells into distant sites of the body

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28
Q

Body of cells organized to perform a certain function

A

tissue

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29
Q

What substances make up the extra cellular matrix?

A

No living substances produced by the cells

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30
Q

A complex network of proteins, fluid, and various molecules that support the cells

A

Extracellular Matrix

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31
Q

First type of tissue

A

Epithelial tissue

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32
Q

Second type of tissue

A

Connective tissue

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33
Q

Third type of tissue

A

Muscle tissue

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34
Q

Fourth type of tissue

A

Nerve tissue

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35
Q

Covers the inner and outer surfaces of the body

A

Epithelial tissue

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36
Q

Connects or supports other body structures

A

Connective tissue

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37
Q

Relaxes and contracts to allow body parts to move and certain organs to function

A

Muscle tissue

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38
Q

Extends through the body to carry messages to and from the brain

A

Nerve tissue

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39
Q

Covers organs, lines body cavities, and from portions of some ducts and glands

A

Epithelial tissue

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40
Q

This tissue functions to protect the body and to absorb, secrete, and excrete substance

A

Epithelial tissue

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41
Q

Form the outer layer skin

A

Squamous epithelial tissue

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42
Q

The lining of the digestive tract, including the stomach and intestines

A

Columnar epithelial cells

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43
Q

Line ducts, glands, and parts of the respiratory tract.

A

Columnar epithelial cells

44
Q

Form a kind of epithelial tissue that secretes its products directly into the bloodstream

A

Endocrine gland cells

45
Q

Connects or supports other body structures

A

Connective tissue

46
Q

Connective tissue that forms a membrane that surrounds muscle or organs to separate and support them

A

Fascia

47
Q

Rubbery and smooth material that lines the surface of joints

A

Cartilage

48
Q

A form of connective tissue that can also provide energy in the form of lipid molecules

A

Adipose tissue

49
Q

Transports nutrients and waste to and from cells

A

Blood

50
Q

Interstitial fluid that has been filtered by lymph vessels

A

Lymph

51
Q

Three types of muscle tissue

A
  1. Voluntary
  2. Involuntary
  3. Cardiac
52
Q

Tissue that makes up the brain, spinal cord, and nerves

A

Nerve tissue

53
Q

The fundamental unit of nervous tissue

A

Nerve cell (neuron)

54
Q

Specially designed to conduct signals from one end of the cell to another

A

Neurons

55
Q

Only appears after normal tissue is damaged

A

Fibrous material

56
Q

Are responsible for the overall process of wound healing

A

Cells and components

57
Q

Formed when two thin layers of muscle and nerve tissue join together.

A

Membrane

58
Q

Two major classifications of membranes

A

Epithelial and connective membranes

59
Q

Epithelial membrane can be further divided into two type. What are they?

A

Mucous and serous

60
Q

Mucous membranes include those in the….

A

Digestive tract, the respiratory passages, and the genitourinary tract.

61
Q

First type of serous membrane

A

Pleural membrane

62
Q

Second type of serous membrane

A

Pericardial membrane

63
Q

Third type of the serous membrane

A

Peritoneal membrane

64
Q

Line the pleural cavity

A

Pleural membrane

65
Q

Line the inside of the rib cage

A

Parietal pleural membrane

66
Q

Covers the outside of the lungs

A

Visceral pleural membrane

67
Q

Produce pleural fluid to lubricate the expansion and contraction of the lungs

A

Plural membrane

68
Q

Lines the peritoneal or abdominal cavity

A

Peritoneal membrane

69
Q

Cover the outer surfaces of the stomac and intestines

A

Visceral peritoneal membrane and peritoneal cavity

70
Q

Encases the heart

A

Pericardial membrane

71
Q

Produce a small amount of pericardial fluid to allow the heart to beat freely with minimal friction

A

Pericardial membrane

72
Q

What are the two types of connective membranes

A

Sinovial membrane and meninges

73
Q

Line the cavities of joints that move freely

A

Synovial membranes

74
Q

Allows the cartilage on the ends of the bones to move smoothly

A

Synovial fluid

75
Q

The coverings on the brain and spinal cord in dorsal cavity nd they provide protection of these structures

A

Meninges/meninx

76
Q

Uses building blocks to construct muscle tissue, deposit fat underneath your skin and store carbohydrate energy

A

Anabolism

77
Q

In which a complex substance is broken down into its smaller components

A

Catabolism

78
Q

The sum of the chemical reaction of anabolism and catabolism

A

Metabolism

79
Q

Found in starches and sugars. Are the main source of energy

A

Carbohydrates

80
Q

All carbohydrates are eventually broken down into or converted into ________

A

Glucose

81
Q

This molecules serve as a ready source of energy for immediate use

A

Glucose

82
Q

Glucose can be stored as ______

A

Glycogen

83
Q

Glycogen are stored in

A

The muscles and liver

84
Q

Your body releases glucose from the glycogen stores during…

A

Exercise or short-term starvation

85
Q

Known for their capability to store energy

A

Lipids

86
Q

Provide protection and communication between cells

A

Lipids

87
Q

Assist with energy storage of lipids

A

Fats and oils

88
Q

Fat stores that are designed for long-term starvation

A

Lipids

89
Q

Are lipids that work as a protection level

A

Waxes

90
Q

They help cells by preventing water loss within the body

A

Waxes

91
Q

Are lipids that sister with the communication process between cells

A

Steroids

92
Q

Are composed of cholesterol, testosterone, and estrogen

A

Steroids

93
Q

Makes up muscles and other tissues and is found in very part of our cells

A

Protein

94
Q

All the enzymes that drive our metabolism are

A

Proteins

95
Q

Antibodies of the immune system

A

Proteins

96
Q

Used for energy only in times of extreme stress or starvation

A

Protein

97
Q

Dietary protein are broken down into _______

A

Amino acids

98
Q

There are ______ essential amino acids that must be acquired from the diet

A

9

99
Q

Food is labeled as _______ if it contains all nine essential amino acids.

A

Complete protein

100
Q

Are chemical compounds present in very small amounts in food

A

Mineral and trace elements

101
Q

They serve a variety or purposes in daily metabolism

A

Minerals and trace elements

102
Q

________ are organic compounds that function as _______ assisting enzymes in catalyzing chemical reaction

A

Vitamins & coenzymes

103
Q

Is measure of energy contained in food

A

Calorie

104
Q

Carbohydrates and protein contain_____ kilocalories per gram

A

4

105
Q

fat contains ______ kilocalories per gram

A

9

Body System And Medical Terminalogy 1 (1 decks)

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