The Lab Flashcards
What is a laboratory?
The laboratory is where scientists carry out experiments and make observations and measurements. The type of laboratory used by different scientists depends on what they are studying. It can be indoors (Eg chemistry labs) or outdoors (Eg rainforests) depending on what they are studying
What are examples of GLASSWARE in a lab?
Beakers, conical flasks, test-tubes and watch-glasses allows you to mix and heat chemicals.
What are examples of BALANCES in a lab?
Beam balances, electronic balances and spring balances
What do balances measure?
Mass of an object. Mass is a measure (in grams) of how much matter there is in an object.
What are examples of HEATING EQUIPMENT in a lab?
Hotplates and Bunsen burners
Name the 5 parts of the bunsen burner
COLLAR - controls the amount of air that enters the burner and the heat and colour of the flame.
AIRHOLE - If you open the airhole, then a lot of air will enter.
BARREL-
GAS HOSE
BASE
What is the yellow flame of a bunsen burner known as?
The safety flame.It is also a dirty flame, because it leaves a layer of black carbon soot.
What is a meniscus?
A meniscus is the curved shape formed by the surface of a liquid where it contacts another surface.Sometimes the meniscus curves upwards and sometimes it curves downwards. It makes measurement of liquids difficult.
Safety tips whilst heating a test tube to avoid spills, burns and breakages
- Use a peg or test-tube holder to hold the test-tube near its open end.
- Point the opening of the test-tube away from everyone, including yourself.
- Heat the bottom gently, moving it back and forth through the flame not just on one spot
What is a Clay triangle used for?
Clay triangle: used to support a crucible
What is a Crucible and lid used for?
Used to burn small samples of solid
What is a Gauze mat used for?
Used to spread the heat
What is a Bench mat used for?
Used to protect the bench
What are Tongs and pegs used for?
Allow you to pick up hot objects
What are Retort stand, bosshead and clamps used for?
Used to hold other equipment
What is a Tripod used for?
Used to hold beakers above the flame
What is a Evaporating dish used for?
Used to evaporate off the solvent from a solution, leaving crystals behind
Name the Safety Rules you should follow in a lab
- Always follow instructions from your teacher or laboratory technician.
- Move about the lab in a safe way. Do not run, push or shove.
- Always wear safety glasses when using chemicals.
- Do not eat, taste, drink or sniff anything in the lab.
- Treat all glassware with care.
- Make sure that test-tubes cannot roll off a bench when not in use.
- Always tell your teacher if you break something or if you are unsure about what to do.
- Turn on the tap before placing any glassware under it. Otherwise the water might crack the glass of whatever you are holding.
Name the Safety Rules you should follow in a lab
- Always follow instructions from your teacher or laboratory technician.
- Move about the lab in a safe way. Do not run, push or shove.
- Always wear safety glasses when using chemicals.
- Do not eat, taste, drink or sniff anything in the lab.
- Treat all glassware with care.
- Make sure that test-tubes cannot roll off a bench when not in use.
- Always tell your teacher if you break something or if you are unsure about what to do.
- Turn on the tap before placing any glassware under it. Otherwise the water might crack the glass of whatever you are holding.
Name the Safety Rules you should follow in a lab when heating materials
- Always tie back long hair; otherwise it’s a fire risk.
- When you need to leave a Bunsen burner on, turn it to a visible yellow safety flame.
- Only use matches to light Bunsen burners.
- Always use tongs to pick up objects that have been heated.
- When you are heating a test-tube, ensure that it is pointed away from everyone (including you).
- Hotplates and Bunsen burners, tripods and gauze mats remain hot for a long time. Allow them to cool before you pack them away.
Name an essential piece of equipment for: a microbiologist
Microscope to look at micro organisms from the ocean
Name an essential piece of equipment for an astronomer
Telescope to study the stars an planets in the sky
Specify the temperature that a Bunsen burner flame can reach
1500 degrees Celsius
Name the two experts you can turn to in the laboratory.
Science Teacher & Lab Technician
Identify whether the following observations would be made of a yellow Bunsen burner flame or a blue Bunsen burner flame a dirty b noisy c almost invisible d extremely hot e closed airhole.
The yellow flame is called the safety flame. It is: • relatively cool • dirty • highly visible.
The blue flame is: • hot • clean • difficult to see.
Name the piece of equipment used to measure volumes accurately.
Measuring Cylinder
If a meniscus curves upwards where do you measure the volume
Measure from the top of the meniscus if it curves upwards.
If a meniscus curves downwards where do you measure the volume
Measure from the bottum of the meniscus if it curves upwards.
If a meniscus curves downwards where do you measure the volume
Measure from the bottom of the meniscus if it curves upwards.
