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CP3 Orthapedics Soft Tissue Injury > The Knee > Flashcards

The Knee Flashcards

1
Q

Pre-patellar bursitis clinical features

A 
Housemaids knee 
Bursa above the patellar 
Excessive kneeling
Localised pain and tenderness
Swelling
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2
Q

Pre-patellar bursitis specific tests

A

Balloon sign
Fluctuant
Swelling

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3
Q

Pre-patellar bursitis investigations

A

Aspiration with gram stain and culture

USS

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4
Q

Pre-patellar bursitis management

A

Conservative

  • compression
  • NSAIDS
  • aspiration

Surgery
-bursectomy

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5
Q

Intra patellar bursitis clinical features

A 
Clergymans knee
Above the patellar lig
Pain just bellow knee cap
Swelling
Kneeling
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6
Q

ACL rupture clinical features

A 
LFC-> anterior tibia 
50% also have a meniscal tear 
Fixed foot with knee flexion and internal hip rotation 
Felt pop
Deep knee pain 
70% immediate swelling
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7
Q

ACL rupture specific tests

A

Anterior draw test-> no end point and pain

Lack mans -> hold leg with knee in 30 flexion and pull tibia anteriorly

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8
Q

ACL rupture investigations

A

X RAY -> segond # convulsion proximal tibia

MRI

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9
Q

ACL rupture management

A

Conservative

  • activity modification
  • physio
  • analgesia

Surgery
-ACL reconstruction

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10
Q

PCL rupture clinical features

A

Posterior tibial sulcus -> anteriomedial femoral condyle
Direct blow to proximal tibia
Non contact hyper flexion with plantar flexed foot
Posterior knee pain
Knee instability

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11
Q

PCL rupture specific tests

A

Posterior draw test

Posterior draw test

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12
Q

PCL rupture investigations

A

X Ray -> avulsion #
Lateral stress view
MRI

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13
Q

PCL rupture management

A

Conservative

  • protected wt bearing
  • physio
  • immobilisation in extension 4w

Surgery
- # / other ligs / unstable

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14
Q

Medical collateral ligament rupture clinical features

A

Most commonly injured ligament of the knee
Valgus and external rotation to the lateral knee
Felt pop
Medical joint line pain
Instability
Swelling

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15
Q

Medical collateral ligament rupture specific tests

A

Valgus stress test at 30 flexion -> no end point and pain

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16
Q

Medical collateral ligament rupture investigations

A

X Ray

MRI

17
Q

Medical collateral ligament rupture management

A

Conservative -> incomplete

  • NSAIDS
  • rest
  • physio
  • bracing

Surgery

  • repair
  • reconstruction
18
Q

LCL rupture clinical features

A 
Rarely an isolated injured 
Direct blow to wt bearing medial knee 
Excess virus and external rotation 
Instability in extension 
Difficulty with stairs 
Lateral joint line pain 
Swelling
19
Q

LCL rupture specific tests

A

Varus stress test at 30 flexion

Hyper extension when walking

20
Q

LCL rupture investigations

A

X Ray

MRI

21
Q

LCL rupture management

A

Conservative -> intact/partial

  • limited immobilisation
  • progressive ROM
  • physio

Surgery
-repair

22
Q

Meniscal injury clinical features

A

Common with ACL rupture
Medical more common

Localised pain and tenderness
Mechanical locking
Delayed/intermittent swelling
-twisting/flexion injury

23
Q

Meniscal injury specific tests

A

Joint line tenderness

Mc Murrays-> flexion and external rotation, slowly extend-> pain and locking

24
Q

Meniscal injury investigations

A

X Ray normal

MRI

25
Q

Meniscal injury management

A

Conservative

  • rest
  • NSAIDS
  • physio

Surgery

  • repair
  • partial menisectomy
26
Q

Patellar dislocation clinical features

A

Instability
Anterior knee pain
Swelling
Non contact twisting injury with knee extended and feet externally rotated
Often relocate by reflexive quads contraction

27
Q

Patellar dislocation specific tests

A

Increased patellar translocation
Patellar apprehension on lateral translation
J sign -> lateral subluxation of the patellar on flexion

28
Q

Patellar dislocation investigations

A

X Ray -> #, trochlear dysplasia
-CT-> measure trochlear grove
MRI -> soft tissue damage

29
Q

Patellar dislocation management

A

Conservative

  • NSAIDS
  • short term immobilisation
  • activity modification
  • physio

Surgery

  • arthroscopic debridement
  • MPFL repair
30
Q

Pes Anserine Bursitis clinical features

A

Bursa under the pes anserine muscles -> sartorius, gracillis, semitendinosus

Tight hamstrings
Direct blow to medial knee
Localised pain and tenderness
Worse on stairs
Swelling 
Sport
31
Q

Pes Anserine Bursitis management

A

Conservative

  • rest
  • NSAIDS
  • physio/stretching
  • steroid

Surge
-decompression

CP3 Orthapedics Soft Tissue Injury (7 decks)

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