The Judiciary Flashcards
What is the role of the judiciary in the legal system?
To interpret and apply the law, resolve disputes, and uphold the rule of law.
True or False: The judiciary is independent of the government.
True
What is the highest court in the UK?
The Supreme Court
Fill in the blank: The judiciary is responsible for ________ disputes.
resolving
What are the three main functions of the judiciary?
Interpreting the law, applying the law, resolving disputes.
Which branch of government does the judiciary belong to?
The third branch
What is the process by which judges interpret statutes and decide on their application called?
Judicial review
What is the term for the power of the judiciary to declare laws or actions of the government unconstitutional?
Judicial review
True or False: The judiciary has the power to make laws.
False
Who appoints judges in the UK?
The monarch on the advice of the Prime Minister
What is the term for a legal system based on judicial precedents rather than statutory laws?
Common law system
What is the purpose of the rule of law?
To ensure equality before the law and prevent arbitrary actions by the government.
What is the term for a law that retroactively changes the legal consequences of actions that were committed before the enactment of the law?
Ex post facto law
What is the term for a judge’s written explanation of their decision in a case?
Judgment
What is the term for a group of people who are selected to hear a case and render a verdict?
Jury
What is the term for a legal principle that requires past decisions to be followed by the courts in future cases presenting similar issues?
Stare decisis
What is the term for the rejection or setting aside of a legal proceeding or decision?
Overturn
What is the term for a legal action brought in a court of law to address a specific legal issue?
Litigation
What is the term for a legal order issued by a court requiring someone to do or refrain from doing a specific act?
Injunction
What is the term for the process of resolving disputes between parties by a neutral third party outside of the court system?
Mediation
What is the term for a legal doctrine that allows a court to disregard precedent if it deems it incorrect or unjust?
Per incuriam
What is the term for a legal system in which laws are codified and written down in a systematic way?
Civil law system
What is the term for a legal principle that requires judges to respect past decisions and follow established rules of law?
Conservatism
What is the term for a document that sets out the facts and legal arguments supporting one party’s case in a lawsuit?
Pleading
