The Iron Wall Flashcards
What did Epstein believe to be the main question of the concept of the creation of the state of Israel?
The Israelis relations with the Arabs
What does Zion mean?
Jerusalem
What is the nature of modern Zionism
It was a secular movement with a political orientation towards Palestine
Who is the father of political Zionism and the visionary of the Jewish state?
Theodor Herzl (1860-1904)
What did the Basel program state?
The aim of Zionism is to create for the Jewish people a home in Palestine secured by public law
How did Herzl see the Arabs in Palestine?
As primitive and backwards. They should enjoy full civil rights in the Jewish state, but did not consider them a society with collective political rights over the land.
How did Herz present his project?
As a Jewish colony for the ottomans, Britain’s or Germany
Who was the chief architect of the alliance between the Zionist movement and Great Britain?
Chaim Weizmann
Who was the founder of revisionist Zionism and the spiritual father of the Israeli right?
Ze’ev Jabotinsky
On what notion did all the fathers of Zionism agree?
The importance of a link with a great power, more specifically with Great Britain
What was the Iron wall?
Jabotinsky’s policy regarding the Arab question: to erect an iron wall of Jewish military force
Who was the builder of Yishuvs military power and the founder of the state of Israel?
David Ben-Gurion (1886-1973)
Which idea did Ben-Gurion have about the Arabs?
There was no possibility of an Arab-Israeli alliance, and that war was necessary to solve the conflict
What did the Peel partition plan propose?
A separation of Palestine into two states;
- A small Jewish state of 5000 square kilometers
- A large Arab state, and an enclave from Jerusalem to Jaffa under British mandate
How did Ben-Gurion see the Peel Partition plan?
as a beginning to the end of the British mandate in Palestine and the birth of a Jewish state as a realistic political program. He did however not see the borders as permanent
What was the Biltmore program?
A concept of a Jewish state over the whole of Palestine
Which role did the Holocaust play in the creation of a Jewish state?
It became a source of strength for Zionism
What did the UN 1947 Resolution lay out?
A timetable for the creation of a Jewish and Arab state linked by economic union and an international regime for Jerusalem
What did the UN partition plan provide in addition to international legitimacy for the creation of Arab and Jewish states?
The foundation for savage war between the two communities in Palestine
What are the two phases of what the Jewish call the War of Independence and the Arabs call al-Nakba?
- lasted from the 1947 UN resolution until May 1948 when the state of Israel was proclaimed
- From May 1948 until the termination of hostilities in January 1949
Who was the key figure on the Israeli side throughout the first Arab-Israeli war?
David Ben-Gurion
Who coined the term Zionism?
Birnbaum
What were the Dreyfus affairs?
A French jew is accused of being a spy and sentenced to jail. When he is proved innocent, he still has to serve his time. It confirmed that antisemetism still exist
What is the reason for Jews’s survival even though they have been persecuted and spread across the globe?
A common religion
What are Yishuv Jews?
The Jews that had settled on Palestinian soil before the creation of Israel
Who were the Haganah?
A Jewish paramilitary that was created in response to Arab nationalism. They acted as an Iron Wall and would not engage.
What was a similar policy of Ben-Gurion and Jabotinsky towards the Arabs?
They had to be removed
Who were the Irgun?
A Jewish paramilitary. They had a different approach than the Haganah in taking over land and were also smaller
Who were the Stern Gang?
A Jewish paramilitary that commits an outrageous attack: the killing of Count Bernadotte
What was the result of the murder of Count Bernadotte?
Haganah demilitarizes the Stern Gang and Irgun and includes the in their ranks. This creates a more united paramilitary
Who populates the IDF?
Mostly religious Jews that are not flexible in solving the Arab-Israeli conflict
