The Investigative Mindset Flashcards
What are the stages of criminal investigation
Instigation
Initial Investigation
No further investigation further investigation
Suspect management
No charge further investigation
Charge
File prep
Court
What is material
Material is substance of any kind including information and objects sounds in images obtained in the course of a criminal investigation that has some Beering on any feelings underinvestigated or any person being investigated or on the surrounding circumstances of the case
What are some of the sources of material
Victims and witnesses and suspects and locations and telephone records and databases and credit card records
What are the three types of material
Information intelligence or evidence
Describe information
Information is used to identify the time location circumstances and numbers involved in the incident
Describe intelligence
Intelligence is analysed together with other material to identify local people who have frequented that area have similar clothes and a suspected of involvement and other disturbances
What are the five principles from applying the mindset
1) understand the source of material
2) plan and prepare
3) examine all material
4) record and collate
5) evaluate
Planning and preparation should identify how the
Collection of material be maximise and legal policy and procedure all requirements are addressed and specialist or technical equipment or expertise is utilised and the most appropriate location to conduct the collection is prepared
What are the three areas that examination is usually divided into
Interpret:
When material is it examined and investigate it interprets and drawers inferences all logical conclusions as to its potential use in the investigation
Clarify:
Clarification and bolts I think the firing and explaining and understanding any inconsistencies the material contains this may involve testing against other material already get it already define actions to acquire through the material to clarify it
Challenge
Experience shows that even though sources of material at first appearing to be reliable can be wrong and material appearing to indicate one thing in later found to support it totally different interpretation therefore you must continually challenge both the meaning and the reliability of any material gathered
Challenge is summed up by the what acronym
Assume nothing, believe nothing, challenge everything
The formal evaluation process is as…
Relevant to investigations of volume crime as it is to more serious or complex investigations.
What are the three types of formal evaluation
Investigative evaluation, evidential evaluation and self and peer evaluation
What does investigate evaluation determine
What is known;
What is not known;
Consistencies;
Conflicts
What does evidential evaluation consider
The overall strength of the case and whether sufficient evidence exists against the offender to proceed to charge
What does self PEer evaluation address
Review of assumptions and decision-making; records organisation and management Siri: information communication and dissemination and listens learnt
What are the key differences between investigated and evidential the valuations
During investigated the valuation all available material is evaluated even though it may not be eventually admissible. When carrying out an evidential evaluation, The strength of the case is evaluated taking into account only the evidentially admissible material
What are the three points of filtering the material from undertaking the valuation
Relevance
Material is relevant when I have some bearing on the investigation or any person being investigated or on the surrounding circumstances of the case
Reliability
The reliability of material may have already been established at the collection stage it is however prudent that material reliability be reviewed through evaluation to ensure that any potential problems have not been overlooked.
The reliability filter insures independent collaboration of the material that is to be used as evidence for the prosecution is tested
Admissibility
A formal evaluation to apply the admissibility filter of reliability may require consultation with others to determine what constitutes an acceptable if it insured for me in relation to any material
Key points from consider hypothesis
Hypothesis is defined as a suggested explanation for a group of sex either accepted as a basis for further verification and accept it is likely to be true
The decision to use hypothesis depends on the amount of material available and whether it is sufficient to support prosecution. Hypothesis can also be used to gist of the interpretation that has been put on the material gathered is the most reasonable one. During the early stages of a case for you maybe little information that is certain and little to go on. In the circumstances I publicist about what may have happened should be avoided because hypothesis from limited and reliable information can at least only amount to enter Sumption of what may have occurred
Developing hypothesis points
Before developing any hypothesis and investigator must have sufficient knowledge about the investigation to be able to make valid judgements. Hypothesis should have a specific objective based in the gap all the conflict and evidence for example how did the victim get home to the scene
Hypothesis is I’m not that feeling will come in since they are made through deliberate creative thinking they are based on non-fax instated assumptions made by those with knowledge of the relevant risks and we are concerned a vital element of investigation must be thoroughly and regularly reviewed by an independent investigator
Describe the stages of criminal investigation
There are two methods of criminal investigation: reactive and proactive. The main difference is how they start. The reactive me that starts with the discovery of a crime while the proactive me that generally starts with information or intelligence analysis indicating that the individual or a group of individuals are in gauged in criminal activity. Often the methods overlap
