The Integumentary System - 5.1 and 5.2 Questions Flashcards
Melanocytes produce what chemical?
Melanin a dark pigment.
Melanocytes transfer the melanin they produce into __________________.
Keratinocytes
What is the purpose of melanin?
To block the UV sun rays that can damage the DNA in the stem cells of the stratum basale. The UV can cause cancer.
Define: Cyanosis
Cyanosis is a bluish color of the skin due to oxygen deficiency of the blood.
Define: Jaundice
Jaundice is a yellowing of the skin and the white of the eyes associated with liver disease or excessive breakdown of red blood cells.
Define: Stratum basale
This is the deepest of the 5 epidermal layers. This is the layer of the epidermis where mitosis occurs.
Melanin protects the cells undergoing mitosis in which layer of the epidermis?
Stratum basale
The outer layer of epidermal cells that contains dead and keratinized cells is called the:
Stratum corneum
The wave-like upper portion of the dermis which forms our fingerprints is called the
Dermal papillae
Describe the growth of skin, nails and hair.
All have a deep layer that mitosis occurs in. All new cells are pushed upward away from the layer of mitosis by newly formed cells. All three become keratinized and the cells die as they move away from their blood supply.
The piloerector (arrector) muscle is responsible for the body’s
Goosebumps.
The piloerector muscle type is:
Smooth muscle
What is the purpose of sweat?
To cool the skin as the body is releasing heat through vasodilation of the skin’s blood vessels
What substances are found in sweat?
Water, the electrolytes sodium and potassium, a waste product called urea.
The hair shaft is the portion of the hair:
That one can see, this portion extends above the skin’s surface.
