The Integumentary System Flashcards
1
Q
painful skin
A
dermatalgia / dermatodynia
2
Q
itchy skin
A
pruritus
3
Q
hives
A
urticaria
4
Q
discharge of oil
A
seborrhea
5
Q
condition of dryness
A
xerosis
6
Q
softening of skin
A
maceration
7
Q
excessive sweating
A
hyperhidrosis
8
Q
the delivery of electrical current while the body part is submerged in water
A
iontophoresis
9
Q
lack of sweating
A
anhidrosis
10
Q
loss of pigmentation
A
depigmentation
11
Q
darkening of pigmentation
A
hypermelanosis
12
Q
hair loss
A
alopecia
13
Q
excessive hair growth
A
hypertrichosis
14
Q
wrinkled skin
A
rhytidermia
15
Q
nail biting
A
onychophagia
16
Q
Objective Terms
A
Ones that the practitioner will observe or discover through labs or tests. Used to describe what they find in their exam.
17
Q
Localized
A
only in one area
18
Q
generalized
A
spread to other areas
19
Q
Pustules
A
pus-filled blister
20
Q
First-Degree Burn
A
Superficail burn; epidermis (sun burn)
21
Q
Second-Degree Burn
A
deeper burn; epidermis and dermis (blistering) (sun burn or thermal burns (hot water).
22
Q
Third-Degree Burn
A
reaches subcutaneous tissue (boiling liquids, flames)
23
Q
Fourth-Degree Burn
A
involves underlying tissues like bone, muscle, or fascia (flames, chemicals, high voltage electricity) (black & waxy in appearance)
24
Q
Nevus
A
mole
25
Verruca (plural = verrucae)
wart (often caused by a virus)
26
Culture and Sensitivity
determines medication to kill pathogen.
Step 1: a skin sample is taken and grown as a lab culture.
Step 2: different medications or antibiotics are then applied to the sample to determine the most effective treatment.
27
Biopsy
removal of tissue sample (can determine cause of an abnormality. Fungal, bacterial, or viral infection) (if sample is benign or cancerous)
28
assessment terms
the diagnosis that the practitioner has decided on after careful assessment of the subjective patient report and the objective of findings. They describe the diagnosis of the condition.
29
What are skin diagnoses generally related to?
infections, inflammation, tumors, change in the skin
30
Decubitus Ulcer
Bed sore
31
How does a decubitus Ulcer happen?
Loss of tissue due to prolonged pressure. Usually over a boney prominence or an area where bone is close to the skin. Mark on your forehead after a nap is a stage 1 decubitus ulcer. Avoid them by changing a patient's position every 2 hours.
32
Atopic Dermatitis
unusual inflammation of the skin. Ex: eczema- red, itchy, dry. 1 in 10 people will have this in their lifetime.
33
Psoriasis
patches of itchy, red, scaly skin. Scalp, elbows, knees, and lower back.
34
Basal Cell Carcinoma
Cancerous tumor of the basal skin cells. Looks like flesh colored, pearly nodule in areas commonly exposed to the sun. Common and treatable.
35
Malignant Melanoma
cancer of the melanocytes.
36
What is the difference between Malignant Melanoma and Basal Cell Carcinoma?
The difference between Basal cell carcinoma and Malignant melanoma is. Malignant melanoma is relatively uncommon, and responsible for most skin cancer deaths. Appearance is brown discoloration on the skin.
37
Mole or Melanoma?
a= asymmetry
b=borders are irregular
c=color variability
d=diameter larger than pencil
38
Squamous Cell Carcinoma
cancer of the squamous skin cells.
39
What are some characteristics of squamous cell carcinoma?
starts as a small papule that leads to an ulcer. second most common type of skin cancer. Treated with great success.
40
Fungal Infections
OR Mycosis
41
Tinea
athlete's foot
42
Tinea Corporis
ringworm
43
Onychomycosis
nail fungal infection
44
What does nail fungal infection look like?
discoloration, thickening, and separation from nail bed. Occurs in half the adults over 70.
45
Acne Vulgaris
inflammation of the skin follicles.
46
What causes Acne Vulgaris?
hair follicles clog with oil and dead skin cells. Symptoms include blackheads, pustules, large red welts.
47
Seborrheic Dermatitis
inflammation of skin from excessive sebum.
Found don scalp - can cause persistent dandruff.
48
Plan Terms
Refer to the treatment or therapy that the practitioner has decided will best address the diagnosis from the assessment section. This can include further testing or referrals to other doctors.
49
What are the main classes of medication in dermatology?
anti-infection, anti-immune, and anti-itch
50
Antibiotics
bacterial infections
51
Antiseptics
cleaning agents. Helpful for treating Acne Vulgaris
52
Steroids
anti-immune medications. Used to treat: hyper active immune response and as anti-inflammatories.
53
Antihistamines
anti-itch medications
54
how do anti-itch medications work?
block the histamine response known to cause the itching associated with skin irritations. Ex: Benadryl
55
Topical
applied directly to the skin. absorbed directly into the infected area. This avoids dilution in the blood stream.
56
Hypodermic or Subcutaneous
pertaining to under the skin. This treatment is specific and localized. Ex: cortisone injection.
57
Percutaneous or Transdermal
pertaining to through the skin. Percutaneous id used when talking about surgical procedures. Transdermal is used when talking about medication delivery.
58
Cryosurgery
destruction of tissue by freezing. Ex: wart removal
59
Onychectomy / Onychotomy
removal/ incision into the nail. Ex: nail infection
60
Incision and Drainage
cutting and draining infected tissue.
61
Autograft, Homo-/Allograft, Hetero/ Xenografts
Skin transplants. Autografts are from the patients own skin. The other types are not from the patient.
62
Dermabrasion
rubbing or scraping away outer surface of skin. used to treat fine lines, wrinkles, discoloring, Acne.
63
Liposuction
vacuuming of fatty tissue
64
Rhytidoplasty
surgical reconstruction of wrinkled skin. Ex: facelift
