The Industrial Revolution Flashcards
Allowed a weaver to spin more than one thread at a time
Spinning Jenny
Used waterpower to drive the spinning wheel
Water frame
Invented the spinning jenny
James Hargreaves
Invented the water frame
Richard Arkwright
System of manufacturing that began in the 18th century and is based on the concentration of industry into specialized—and often large—establishments.
Factory system
A period of technological and scientific progress in the 18th and 19th centuries that transformed societies from agrarian to industrial.
Agricultural revolution
Rotating different crops in and out of the field each year
Crop rotation
A device that efficiently places seeds in a designated spot in the ground
Seed drill
New technologies reshape societies, which leads to a dramatic change in society and economies
Industrial Revolution/Industrialization
Merchants provided raw cotton to women who spun it into finished cloth in their own homes
Cottage industry
Created a system of interchangeable parts for manufacturing firearms for the US military
Eli Whitney
When a particular component of a machine were to break, the broken component could be easily replaced with a new, identical part
Interchangeable parts
Factory owners no longer had to rely on skilled laborers to craft every component of a product
Division of Labor
Each worker could focus on one type of task
Specialization of Labor
A manufacturing process where a product moves along a conveyor belt and workers add parts in a specific order until the product is finished
Assembly line
A push in the 18th and 19th centuries to take land that had formerly been owned in common by all members of a villages
Enclosure movement
Financial assets, resources, or anything that can generate value for its owner
Capital
A route for travel by sea, or a deep waterway that allows ocean shipping
Seaways
Substances that are unprocessed or minimally processed and used to make finished goods
Raw Materials
The world’s first industrial city
Manchester
Played a leading role in the development of dock construction, port management and international trading systems in the 18th and 19th centuries
Liverpool
A combustible black or dark brown rock consisting mainly of plant matter, found mainly in underground deposits and widely used as fuel
Coal
A place where ships, locomotives, or trains can take on coal or oil
Coaling Stations
Known for his work on the telephone
Alexander Graham Bell
