the industrial revolution Flashcards
1
Q
how britain changed 1750-1900
A
- the industrial revolution in Britain brought huge technological advances
- huge impact on people’s lives
- British empire growing
2
Q
crop rotation
A
planting different crops on the same land to improve soil health
3
Q
enclosure
A
- divides all the land so that farmers would look after their own patch
- to grow more food
4
Q
technology
A
- steam engine
- coal burned to heat water to make steam
- increase in the demand for coal
- conditions in coal mines were dangerous -> explosive
5
Q
selective breeding
A
taking the animals with the best characteristics and breeding them together
6
Q
cause of industrial revolution
A
- industry needed workers + workers needed food
- population of Britain doubled, not enough food
- machines invented, banking -> investing in factories
- agriculture, trade, banking, inventors
7
Q
role of entrepeneurs + what made them succesful
A
- creates inventions
- boosts economy growth
8
Q
new inventions
A
- steam engine
- spinning jenny-
- water frame
- flying shuttle
9
Q
child labour
A
- paid less than adults
- more agile
- many died
- long hours of work
- bad conditions
10
Q
conditions in the factories
A
- cramped
- risks and dangers
- poor ventilation
- toxic exposures
11
Q
living conditions in the cities
A
- poor nutrition
- pollution
- poor sanitation
- bad housing conditions
- diseases
- low wages, no rent or food
12
Q
political effect of the IR
A
- emergence of capitalism
- efforts to mine coal
- rise of businessmen
- socialism
13
Q
social effects of the IR
A
- growing division between rich and poor
- population boom + migration to cities
- higher life expectancy
- exploitation
14
Q
economic effects of the IR
A
- agriculture -> enclosure
- benefits wealthy landlords
- mass production
- agricultural-> industrial
- global trade
