the industrial revolution Flashcards

1
Q

how britain changed 1750-1900

A
  • the industrial revolution in Britain brought huge technological advances
  • huge impact on people’s lives
  • British empire growing
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2
Q

crop rotation

A

planting different crops on the same land to improve soil health

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3
Q

enclosure

A
  • divides all the land so that farmers would look after their own patch
  • to grow more food
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4
Q

technology

A
  • steam engine
  • coal burned to heat water to make steam
  • increase in the demand for coal
  • conditions in coal mines were dangerous -> explosive
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5
Q

selective breeding

A

taking the animals with the best characteristics and breeding them together

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6
Q

cause of industrial revolution

A
  • industry needed workers + workers needed food
  • population of Britain doubled, not enough food
  • machines invented, banking -> investing in factories
  • agriculture, trade, banking, inventors
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7
Q

role of entrepeneurs + what made them succesful

A
  • creates inventions

- boosts economy growth

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8
Q

new inventions

A
  • steam engine
  • spinning jenny-
  • water frame
  • flying shuttle
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9
Q

child labour

A
  • paid less than adults
  • more agile
  • many died
  • long hours of work
  • bad conditions
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10
Q

conditions in the factories

A
  • cramped
  • risks and dangers
  • poor ventilation
  • toxic exposures
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11
Q

living conditions in the cities

A
  • poor nutrition
  • pollution
  • poor sanitation
  • bad housing conditions
  • diseases
  • low wages, no rent or food
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12
Q

political effect of the IR

A
  • emergence of capitalism
  • efforts to mine coal
  • rise of businessmen
  • socialism
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13
Q

social effects of the IR

A
  • growing division between rich and poor
  • population boom + migration to cities
  • higher life expectancy
  • exploitation
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14
Q

economic effects of the IR

A
  • agriculture -> enclosure
  • benefits wealthy landlords
  • mass production
  • agricultural-> industrial
  • global trade
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