The importance of the Earl of Durham's appointment as High Commissioner; the roles of Charles Buller and Edward Gibbon Wakefield; the main recommendations and importance of the Durham Report.

Question 1

What was the role of Lord Durham in Canada?

Answer 1

High commissioner (he held executive power whilst in Canada)

Question 2

Which act did Lord Durham aid in terms of it being passed by Congress?

Answer 2

Great Reform Act

Question 3

For how long did Lord Durham’s mission last?

Answer 3

4 and a half months

Question 4

When was Lord Durham’s report published?

Answer 4

11 February 1839

Question 5

What was Lord Durham’s first act in Lower Canada?

Answer 5

Removal of old executive council (replaced by his staff temporarily); offered work to those who sought peaceful reform; allowed exercise in prison courtyards

Question 6

What did Lord Durham establish whilst in Canada?

Answer 6

The first police and appointed a Commission of Inquiry on Crown Lands and Emigration for all the British North American provinces

Question 7

What was Lord Durham’s decision regarding the prisoners of the attempted revolution?

Answer 7

Pardoned the majority and banished the most guilty to Bermuda (the idea of Charles Buller)

Question 8

What did Britain pass as a result of Lord Durham’s action regarding the political prisoners of the revolutions in Canada?

Answer 8

Bill of indemnity

Question 9

When did Lord Durham resign?

Answer 9

9 October 1838 (due to censure from London and Melbourne’s criticism of his actions)

Question 10

Who was the Prime Minister of Great Britain between 18 April 1835 – 30 August 1841?

Answer 10

The Viscount of Melbourne, William Lamb

Question 11

Who were two people heavily involved in the process of writing the Durham report?

Answer 11

Charles Buller and Gibbon Wakefield

Question 12

Who served as the commissioner for Crown Lands?

Answer 12

Charles Buller (supported by Wakefield)

Question 13

What were Buller and Wakefield largely attributed to in terms of the formation, not the writing, of the Durham report?

Answer 13

Interviewing a wide spectrum of Canadian society (including Robert Baldwin)

Question 14

What was the role of Edward Gibbon Wakefield?

Answer 14

Secretary to Lord Durham

Question 15

Which part of the Durham report is directly attributable to Wakefield?

Answer 15

The appendix on the Crown Lands and emigration (suggest a tax on wild lands and the proceeds to public works)

Question 16

Who influenced both Wakefield and Durham in the idea of unifying both provinces?

Answer 16

Louis-Hippolyte Lafontaine

Question 17

What role did Charles Buller have?

Answer 17

Official secretary to Lord Durham

Question 18

What were the three recommendations of the Durham report?

Answer 18

Unification of Lower and Upper Canada; freedoms granted by the Quebec act should be rescinded; responsible government for the new province

Question 19

What did the Durham report leave out of the report?

Answer 19

Concerns for the indigenous population

Question 20

When was the recommendation that the two Canadas should be united introduced to the British parliament?

Answer 20

May 1839

Question 21

Who was sent after May 1839 to be Governor General and obtain consent for the unification of both Upper and Lower Canada?

Answer 21

Charles Poulett Thompson

Question 22

When was the Act of Union proclaimed in Montreal?

Answer 22

10 February 1841 (Upper Canada pleased because it relieve them of their debt)

Question 23

When was Responsible Government granted to Canada?

Answer 23

1848

Question 24

When was Responsible Government granted to Australia and New Zealand?

Answer 24

1850s