The Impact of the Civil War (1918-21)

Question 1

What were the other groups who opposed the new Bolshevik government during the Civil War?

Answer 1

 Senior members of the Russian Army
 SRs and Mensheviks
 France, Britain, USA and Japan

Question 2

Why did Senior members of the Russian Army oppose the Bolsheviks?

Answer 2

They wanted to re-establish Tsarist rule.

Question 3

Why did the SRs and Mensheviks oppose the Bolsheviks?

Answer 3

They wanted a more democratic rule.

Question 4

Why did Foreign Powers oppose the Bolsheviks?

Answer 4

They wanted to defend their current investments in the provisional government

Question 5

What did Cheka stand for?

Answer 5

The All-Russian Emergency Commission for Combating Counter-Revolution and Sabotage.

Question 6

When did Lenin create the Cheka?

Answer 6

December 1917

Question 7

What were War Chekists responsible for?

Answer 7

They were responsible for raiding anarchists organisations, closing done opposing newspapers and expelling Mensheviks and SRs.

Question 8

What did Lenin saying about the justification of violence?

Answer 8

“Violence was justified in order to protect the revolution”.

Question 9

What important changes were made to the Red Army?

Answer 9

 Lenin abolished the system were soldiers’ committees were empowered to elect senior officers.
 Lenin + Trotsky Tsarist generals back in the army.

Question 10

How did the nature of the CCP’s members change during the civil war?

Answer 10

It changed from a more Proletariat based membership to that largely educated members by 1921.