The immune system

Question 1

PAMPS

Answer 1

Pathogen Associated Molecular Patterns

Macromolecules structurally different to the human host

Question 2

Innate immunity

Answer 2

Physical and chemical barriers and cell-mediated responses such as phagocytosis

Question 3

Clonal selection

Answer 3

Binding of antigen to B or T cell stimulates proliferation of that individual cell to produce a population with identical specificity

Question 4

Immune cell production

Answer 4

Haematopoiesis
Originate from hematopoietic stem cells in bone marrow where differentiation begins.
T cells fully mature in the Thymus

Question 5

Secondary Lymphoid Organs

Answer 5

Where B and T cells encounter antigens and activate
Lymph nodes contain B, T cells, macrophages and DCs
Spleen functions against blood-borne pathogens

Question 6

Lymph nodes

Answer 6

B cells in follicles
T cells in paracortex
antigens, APCs enter via afferent vessel
Lymphocytes enter via High Endothelial Venule
Lymphocytes, APCs exit via efferent vessel

Question 7

Spleen

Answer 7

Defence against bloodborne pathogens
Red blood cells in red pulp
White blood cells in white pulp

Question 8

Cytokines

Answer 8

Protein messengers
Generate immune response via signal transduction
IL-1, TNF-alpha

Question 9

Chemokines

Answer 9

Cause movement of target towards source of chemokine

CCL1, CXCL2