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Clinical Medicine IV: Integumentary and Other Systems > The Immune System > Flashcards

The Immune System Flashcards

1
Q

A biological agent/microorganism that causes disease or illness to its host

A

a pathogen or infectious agent

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2
Q

This type of pathogen is a single celled organism WITHOUT a nucleus

A

bacteria

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3
Q

This type of pathogen is a non-living particle that can only reproduce within a living cell

A

virus

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4
Q

This type of pathogen is a simple organism, including mushrooms and yeasts, that grow as single cells or thread like filaments

A

fungi

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5
Q

This type of pathogen is a single celled organism WITH a nucleus

A

protozoa

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6
Q

This type of pathogen is a living organism, that can live inside the intestinal tract or blood stream

A

multi-cellular parasites

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7
Q

Protist is an organism that is both …

A

plant-like or animal-like

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8
Q

This is another name for animal-like protist

A

protozoa

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9
Q

This infectious protein can trigger normal proteins to fold abnormally

A

prion

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10
Q

An organism that is able to form nutritional organic substances from simple inorganic substances such as carbon dioxide

A

autotrophs

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11
Q

An organism deriving its nutritional requirements from complex organic substances.

A

heterotrophs

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12
Q

A plant, fungus, or microorganism that lives on dead or decaying organic matter.

A

saprophytes

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13
Q

An integrated defense system composed of tissues, cells and molecules

A

immune system

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14
Q

Two types of immune responses

A

innate and adaptive

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15
Q

The cells of the immune system are generated in these two PRIMARY lymphoid tissues

A

bone marrow

thymus

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16
Q

Where virtually all the cells of the immune response originate from multipotent hematopoietic stem cells

A

bone marrow

17
Q

Where one type of immune system cell, the T lymphocyte, develops functionality

A

thymus

18
Q

Adaptive responses are induced in these three SECONDARY lymphoid tissues

A

mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT)
lymph nodes
spleen

19
Q

Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) has pathogens at

A

mucosal surfaces

20
Q

Lymph nodes has pathogens in

A

body tissues

21
Q

The spleen has pathogens in

A

blood circulation

22
Q

This immune response has a broad specificity for pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)

A

innate immune response

23
Q

This immune response has the same intensity every time

A

innate immune response

24
Q

With this immune response, there is a rapid response (minutes to hours): cells already in body tissues or recruited directly from blood circulation

A

innate immune response

25
Q

Adaptive immune response has _______ specificity for antigens

A

high

26
Q

This immune response is stronger and faster upon re-infection

A

adaptive

27
Q

This immune response initially has a rather slow response (days): cells need to proliferate in secondary lymphoid tissues

A

adaptive

28
Q

Molecules shared by groups of related microbes that are essential for the survival of those organisms and are not found associated with mammalian cells

A

pathogens-associated molecular patterns (PAMPS)

29
Q

Cell proliferation in secondary lymphoid tissues is associated with what immune response

A

adaptive

30
Q

Pattern recognition receptors plays a crucial role in which immune system

A

innate immune system

31
Q

Two types of immune system circulations in the body

A

blood circulation

lymphatic circulation

32
Q

The 3 strategies to eliminate pathogens

A

phagocytosis
released molecule kills pathogen
cell kills infected cell

33
Q

What occurs during phagocytosis

A

phagocytic cell engulfs and destroys the pathogen

34
Q

Primary vs. secondary immune response-immunological memory can be associate with which immune response

A

adaptive immune response

Clinical Medicine IV: Integumentary and Other Systems (2 decks)

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