The Humanistic Approach Flashcards
1
Q
Free will in the Humanistic Approach?
A
- People are essentially self-determining and have free will, are still effected by external and internal influences but are also active agents
- Psychology should concern itself with subjective experience over general laws ‘person-centred approach’
2
Q
What is the Hierarchy of needs and who did it?
A
- Maslow
- bottom: Physiological needs (food/water), safety and security, love and belongingness, self-esteem, self-actualisation: top
3
Q
What is Self-actualisation?
A
- people have innate desire to achieve their full potential, self-actualisation is the uppermost level in the hierarchy, all 4 ‘deficiency needs’ must be first met before this ‘growth need’ is.
- Humanistic Psychologists see personal growth as essential to being human
4
Q
The Self, Congruence and Conditions of Worth?
A
- Rogers argues in order for growth to be achieved one’s concept of self must be relatively congruent with their ideal self. If the gap is too big individual experiences incongruence and lack of self-worth
- Rogers created client centred therapy to mend the gap believing issues of worth are rooted in childhood lack of unconditional positive regard from parents (therapists are supposed to provide this for clients)
5
Q
What is one strength regarding reductionism?
A
- Isn’t reductionist has a holist perspective, the idea that subjective experience can only be understood by considering the whole person - doesnt try to make humans into machines
6
Q
What is an additional strength regarding perspective?
A
- Overwhelmingly positive perspective comparatively, sees people as good, free to work on themselves and in control of their lives, whereas Freud saw people as prisoners of their past
7
Q
What is one limitation regarding applicability?
A
- Self actualisation is a western concept/ a concept that only exists in individualist cultures, in collectivist cultures may be seen as selfish and so the approach does not apply universally
