the humanistic approach Flashcards
What is Congruence?
The aim of Rogerian Therapy - when your ideal self and real self are similar.
What is Incongruence?
When your ideal self and real self are different - results in negative feelings of self-worth.
What state are most people in?
Incongruence, and they use defence mechanisms to cope with this.
What was the response to the realisation incongruence was common?
Rogers developed a client-centred therapy to help people cope with the problems of everyday living and improve self-esteem.
What was Rogers view?
Problems stemmed from childhood and can often be explained by a lack of unconditional positive regard (lack of conditional love). Known as conditions of worth.
What is self-actualisation?
Top level of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs: innate desire to achieve one’s true and full potential.
What are the 5 levels of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs?
Psychological needs - safety/security - love/belongingness - self-esteem - self-actualisation.
Evaluation for the humanistic approach.
- Holism
- Positive approach
- Cultural bias
Evaluation: Holism.
Humanistic psychologists advocate holism, the idea that subjective experience can only be understood by considering the whole person. Other approaches fail to do this.
Evaluation: Positive approach.
The humanistic approach see all people as basically good, free to work towards the achievement of their potential and in control of their lives. This suggests that it offers a optimistic alternative to other approaches.
Evaluation: Cultural bias.
In collectivist countries, the ideals of humanistic psychology may not be as important.
