THE HUMAN PERSON, THE ROLE OF VIRTUE AND SOCIETY Flashcards
is an organized group composed of human individuals who are interdependent and share something in common such as values and norms, history and culture, traditions and ways of living
SOCIETY
society is a natural institution given that man is a _____ and _____ animal
social and political
TWO WAYS WE CAN PRESERVE OUR SELVES:
REPRODUCTION
SELF-PRESERVATION
it is natural for humans to feel sexual desires
what way of preserving oneself?
REPRODUCTION
the natural instinct of man to survive and protect oneself
what way of preserving oneself?
SELF-PRESERVATION
what theory said that naturally, a human being, is self-centered and by who
SOCIAL CONTRACT THEORY (THOMAS HOBBES)
ORIGIN OF SOCIETY (THREE STAGES)
STATE
VILLAGE
FAMILY
it is a natural society that has attained self-sufficiency, full independence, self-government and exists for the betterment of human life
STATE
they contribute to the social process, for example: > FAMILY > PEER GROUP > SCHOOL > CULTURE
SOCIALIZATION AND SOCIAL AGENTS
according to ________, there is a constant interplay between the individual person and the society
ERICH FROMM
there is a constant interplay between the ________ and the _______ (ERICH FROMM)
individual person; society
in reality, we relate to the world in two ways, _________ and __________
assimilation and socialization
according to _______, the constant interplay between the individual person and the society must be based on harmony
CONFUCIUS
`the constant interplay between the individual person and the society must be based on what? (CONFUCIUS)
harmony
harmony is not conformity, it’s our what
constant critique on the injustice or wrongs in our society
harmony relies on the _____ the human persons in society have
virtues
the development and progress of human society is based on the __________ and ___________
individual performance;
practice of virtue
a good deed is repeatedly done, which makes it natural for that person to perform good acts (ARISTOTLE)
VIRTUES
the proper ways of acting or doing are what
HUMAN EXCELLENCES
opposite of virtues
VICES
TWO TYPES OF VIRTUES
INTELLECTUAL VIRTUES
MORAL VIRTUES
• philosophic wisdom
• practical wisdom
(what type of virtue)
INTELLECTUAL VIRTUES
• justice • prudence • temperance • fortitude (what type of virtue)
MORAL VIRTUES
enumerate the four MORAL VIRTUES
JUSTICE
PRUDENCE
TEMPERANCE
FORTITUDE
moral virtue by giving what is due
JUSTICE
moral virtue by not just doing the right way, but doing it in a nice way
PRUDENCE
moral virtue by the ability to temper and manage our emotions
TEMPERANCE
moral virtue by one’s strength and courage in one’s principles
FORTITUDE
THREE ELEMENTS OF PERSONALITY
- PASSION
- FACULTY
- CHARACTER
right ________ + right ________ + ______ = ______________ (VIRTUE AS A STATE OF CHARACTER)
actions;
disposition;
reason;
doctrine of the MEAN
is the balance point between a deficiency and an excess (ARISTOTLE)
MEAN
what does IN MEDIO STAT VIRTUS mean
VIRTUE STANDS IN THE MIDDLE
a latin term that means VIRTUE STANDS IN THE MIDDLE
IN MEDIO STAT VIRTUS
who said that VIRTUES are not only personal excellences, but also that of society?
PLATO
VIRTUES are not only personal excellences, but also that of what? (PLATO)
society
we are all diverse and unique, but what’s important is we exist ________ and in _______ (PLATO)
harmoniously and in unity
following a heirarchy (PLATO)
ORDER IN SUBORDINATION
what is society according to PLATO
society is an organic whole made up of human beings who perform their own respective duties and is ruled by a Philosopher King
o PHILOSOPHERS: _____
o AUXILIARIES: ________
o ARTISANS: ____________
wisdom;
fortitude;
temperance
