THE HUMAN PERSON Flashcards
Person is an individual substance of rational nature
AQUINAS
Every human being is the image and likeness of God
CHRISTIANS
Personhood is inherent in every human being
CHRISTIANS
Humans reap worth, dignity, and intrinsic value as
human persons
CHRISTIANS
Personhood is the foundation of morality, philosophy,
art, science, law, and the life
CHRISTIANS
As long as there is life, there is soul
PLATO & ARTISTOTLE
Humanhood and personhood are synonymous, ensoulment, and is inherent only to humans
SULLIVAN
three kinds of soul
vegetative, sensitive, rational
plants and other vegetations
Vegetative
among humans
Sensitive
soul humans, soul is spiritual (invisible,
simple, indestructible, immaterial)
Rational
The marks of personhood are the ability to exhibit rationality, self-consciousness, awareness, sentience, autonomy and relate to others
PETER SINGER
A person is a self-conscious being able to use future tense in anticipation, hope, and dread
JOHN POLKINGHORNE
JOHN POLKINGHORNE
Respond to beauty and to the call of moral duty able to love other persons even to the point of self- sacrifice
Actions that proceed from the deliberate free will
HUMAN ACTS (VOLUNTARY)
Activity performed by man- physical, spiritual,
internal, external
HUMAN ACTS (VOLUNTARY)
Actions that are proper only to human persons
HUMAN ACTS (VOLUNTARY)
a thing that acts accordingly to its nature
Agere sequiter esse
Product of will acted upon in the light of freedom & knowledge
HUMAN ACTS (VOLUNTARY)
Actions that readily demand for the human person’s rationality
HUMAN ACTS (VOLUNTARY)
Theseareactsofperception(sensation),beating of the heart, blood circulation in the body, digestions of food etc.
ACTS OF MAN (INVOLUNTARY)
Occur without the control of the will and the consciousness of the human mind
ACTS OF MAN (INVOLUNTARY)
Do not make human responsible for their actions
ACTS OF MAN (INVOLUNTARY)
Humans are responsible only for their actions if the problem is the act through knowledge,
freedom, and voluntariness
ACTS OF MAN (INVOLUNTARY)
3 fold elements of human acts
knowledge, freedom, voluntariness
Makes and act deliberate
KNOWLEDGE
Proves that person has the awareness about the
means to employ in performing the act and the end to achieve in his act
KNOWLEDGE
Man does and act under the control of his will
FREEDOM
Man is not forced to do or not to do a particular
action
FREEDOM
Human act is determined only by the will
FREEDOM
Requires the presence of the two other constituents
VOLUNTARINESS
Voluntary act is human act
VOLUNTARINESS
Voluntary act is willful act involves knowledge
and freedom
VOLUNTARINESS
Ordinance of reason promulgated for the common good by one who is in charge of community
LAW
Order or command or mandate imposing the legislator’s will on the citizens and binding them with moral necessity
LAW IS ORDINANCE
Law is an intelligent direction composed by the superior’s will but planned and formulated by the right reason
LAW IS ORDINANCE OF REASON
For law to be reasonable, it must be a true law
LAW IS ORDINANCE OF REASON
7 ESSENTIAL QUALITIES OF TRUE LAW
o Just
o Honest
o Possible
o Useful
o Relativelypermanent
o Imposeduesanctionfordisobedience
Must be made known to those who are subjected to it
LAW IS PROMULGATED
Must be published
LAW IS PROMULGATED
The end (purpose) of law is the common good
LAW IS PROMULGATED FOR THE COMMON GOOD
LAW MUST COME FROM ONE WHO IS CHARGED TO TAKE CARE OF SOCIETY FOR THE COMMON GOOD
Ex. Congressman
Derived from latin cum alia scientia
CONSCIENCE
Acting with knowledge
CONSCIENCE
Act of practical judgement of reason
CONSCIENCE
Draws judgement before an act is executed
ANTECEDENT
Commands, advices, forbids
ANTECEDENT
Forbids what is evil and commands what is good
ANTECEDENT
Judges after an act is executed
CONSEQUENT
Judges things truly as they are from the
authentic principles of ethics
TRUE
Judges things
ERRORNEOUS (FALSE CONSCIENCE)
Considers bad acts as good and good acts as bad
ERRORNEOUS (FALSE CONSCIENCE)
not aware of their wrong actions. Not liable to his/her act
Invisible/inculpable
has full knowledge of actions. Liable to his/her act
Visible/culpable
Subjectively certain on the legality of an action
to be executed
CERTAIN
Man is not sure about a moral judgement
DOUBTFUL
Sees wrong where there are actually none
SCRUPULOUS
FAILS TO SEE WRONG EVEN WHEN SOMETHING IS WRONG
LAX
Overcome ignorance and error by studying and
apply the moral, civil, and church laws and
regulations
EDUCATION OF CONSCIENCE
