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aant316 > The Human Organism > Flashcards

The Human Organism Flashcards

1
Q

human anatomy

A

study of the structure of the human body

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2
Q

human physiology

A

study of the function of anatomical structures

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3
Q

structural and functional organization

A

chemical, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism

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4
Q

chemical level

A

interaction of atoms

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5
Q

cell level

A

structural and functional unit of living organisms

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6
Q

tissue level

A

group of similar cells and the material surrounding them

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7
Q

organ level

A

one or more tissue functioning together

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8
Q

organ system

A

group of organs functioning together

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9
Q

organism

A

any living thing

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10
Q

integumentary system

A

external support, protection

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11
Q

skeletal system

A

support and framework, production of blood cells

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12
Q

muscular system

A

body movement, posture and support

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13
Q

nervous system

A

regulation of all body activities

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14
Q

endocrine system

A

secretes hormones

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15
Q

circulatory system

A

transports blood, removes metabolic waste

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16
Q

lymphatic system

A

body immunity, tissue drainage

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17
Q

respiratory system

A

gas exchange

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18
Q

digestive system

A

breakdown and absorption of food

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19
Q

urinary system

A

filters blood, removes metabolic waste

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20
Q

reproductive system

A

production of sex cells

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21
Q

maintaining life

A

movement, responsiveness, digestion, metabolism, excretion, reproduction, growth

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22
Q

anatomical position

A

arms are to the side
palms are forward
feet together

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23
Q

medial

A

towards midline

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24
Q

lateral

A

away from midlines

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25
Q

superior

A

moves towards top of the head

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26
Q

inferior

A

moves towards the feet

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27
Q

distal

A

away from the point of the attachment

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28
Q

proximal

A

closer to the point of attachment

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29
Q

anterior or ventral

A

towards the front of the body

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30
Q

posterior or dorsal

A

towards the back

31
Q

cephalic

A

towards the head or superior (specific to talking abou the head)

32
Q

caudal

A

down the coccyx (down the length of the spinal cord)

33
Q

rostral

A

towards the nose

34
Q

superficial

A

towards the outside

35
Q

deep

A

more away from the outside

36
Q

sagittal plane

A

divides the body into right and left halves

37
Q

midsagittal planes

A

sagittal plane that divides the body into 2 equal halves

38
Q

parasagittal

A

any sagittal cut that is not midsagittal

39
Q

frontal (or coronal)

A

plane divides the body into front and back sections

40
Q

transverse (or horizontal plane)

A

runs horizontally and divides the body into superior and inferior sections (aka cross section)

41
Q

oblique section

A

runs diagonally (there are no set parameters)

42
Q

body cavities

A

compartmentalized (closed within tissue to be protected)
contains viscera - organs

43
Q

2 main types of body cavities

A

dorsal body cavity
ventral body cavity

44
Q

dorsal body cavity

A

houses the central nervous system (cranial and spinal)
cranial cavity houses the brain (brain)
vertebral (spinal) cavity houses the spinal cord

45
Q

ventral body cavity

A

thoracic cavity (chest)
abdominopelvic cavity (abdomen and pelvic)
diaphragm

46
Q

diaphragm

A

divides body cavity into thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities

47
Q

thoracic cavity

A

chest cavity
pleural cavity
mediastinum separates the lungs ( contains all structures of the thoracic cavity except the lungs)
pericardial cavity

48
Q

pleural cavity

A

houses the lungs

49
Q

pericardial cavity

A

houses the heart and is in the mediastinum

50
Q

abdominopelvic cavity

A

houses the organs of digestion and the reproductive organs (can be further divided into the abdominal and pelvic cavities)

51
Q

serous membranes

A

cover the organs of trunk cavities and line the cavity
visceral serous membrane- inner wall
parietal serous membrane- outer wall
cavity between two membranes- lubricating serous fluid that is produced by the membranes

52
Q

pericardium

A

refers to the heart

53
Q

pleura

A

refers to lung and thoracic cavity

54
Q

peritoneum

A

refers to abdominopelvic cavity

55
Q

abdominopelvic quadrants

A

left and right based on own POV

56
Q

abdominopelvic regions - right hypochondriac region

A

1/9

57
Q

abdominopelvic regions - epigastric region

A

2/9

58
Q

abdominopelvic regions - left hypochondriac region

A

3/9

59
Q

abdominopelvic regions - right lumbar region

A

4/9

60
Q

abdominopelvic regions - umbilical region

A

5/9

61
Q

abdominopelvic regions - left lumbar region

A

6/9

62
Q

abdominopelvic regions - right iliac (inguinal) region

A

7/9

63
Q

abdominopelvic regions - hypogastric (pubic) region

A

8/9

64
Q

abdominopelvic regions - left iliac (inguinal) region

A

9/9

65
Q

axial region

A

head, cervical region (neck), and trunk

66
Q

trunk

A

divided into the thoracic region above the diaphragm and the abdominal region below it

67
Q

appendicular region

A

upper and lower limbs

68
Q

cephalic region

A

facial
cranial
orbital
oral
nasal
mental

69
Q

thoracic region

A

pectoral
sternal
acromial
axillary
vertebral
scapular

70
Q

abdominal region

A

umbilical
lumbar

71
Q

pelvic region

A

pubic
inguinal
sacral
gluteal
perineal

72
Q

appendicular region (upper) consists of

A

brachium
cubital
antebrachium
carpus
manus (palmar surface and dorsum)
digits

73
Q

appendicular region (lower) consists of

A

thigh (femoral)
crus (crural)
popliteal
patellar
tarsus
pes (dorsum and plantar surface)
digits

aant316 (2 decks)

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