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Anatomy & Physiology > The Human Body & Cells and Tissues > Flashcards

The Human Body & Cells and Tissues Flashcards

1
Q

Study of large body structures visible to the naked eye, such as heart, lungs, kidneys

A

Gross Anatomy

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2
Q

Studies the function of the body, how the body parts work and carry out their life - sustaining activities.

A

Physiology

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3
Q

Types of Physiology (Give 3)

A
  • Renal Physiology
  • Neurophysiology
  • Cardiovascular physiology
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4
Q

The set of metabolic pathways that breaks down molecules into smaller units that are either oxidized to release energy or used in other anabolic reactions.

A

Catabolism

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5
Q

Causes of Homeostatic Balance

A
  1. Aging
  2. Diseases
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6
Q

What is the anatomical term for the chin?

A

Mental Region

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7
Q

What is a sereous fluid?

A

it is a lubricating fluid that separates the serosa

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8
Q

A concentration measurement in the blood (glucose, cholesterol, electrolytes)

A

Miligrams/ deciliter (mg/dL)

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9
Q

An inability of the body to restore a functional, stable internal enviroment.

A

Homeostatic Imbalance

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10
Q

Types of Body Positions (3)

A
  • Anatomical
  • Prone
  • Supine
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11
Q

deals with structures to small to be seen by the naked eye (cytology, histology)

A

Microscopic

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12
Q

What is the Buccal region in layman’s term?

A

Cheek

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13
Q

any element or compound equal to its molecular weight in
grams

A

Mole

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14
Q

Ability of the body to maintain relatively stable internal conditions even
though the outside world changes continuously.

A

Homeostatis

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15
Q

Studies the structure of body parts and their relationships to one another.

A

Anatomy

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16
Q

Anatomical term for underarm

A

Axillary

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17
Q

Study of the chemical composition and
reactions of living matter.

A

Biochemistry

18
Q

is a partially T-shaped vertical bone that forms the anterior portion of the chest wall centrally.

A

sternum

19
Q

Anatomical term of the Eyes

A

Orbital Region

20
Q

double sugar, two monosaccharides joined by
dehydration synthesis (sucrose, lactose, maltose)

A

Disaccharides

21
Q

Modify, concentrate and package the proteins and lipids
Stacked, flattened membranous sacs associated with tiny
membranous vesicles

A

Golgi Apparatus

22
Q

Elaborate network of rods running through the cytosol and
hundreds of accessory proteins that link these rods to other
cell structures.

A

Cytoskeleton

22
Q
  • Sites of protein synthesis
  • Small-dark staining granules composed of proteins and RNA
A

Ribosomes

23
Q
  • Powerplants of the cell, providing ATP supply.
  • Lozenge-shaped organelles that contains its own DNA, RNA, ribosomes and able to reproduce themselves
A

Mitochondria

24
Q

a structural support network made up of diverse proteins, sugars and other components and responsible for the physical maintenance of cells

A

Extracellular Matrix

25
Q

Functions of the Connective Tissue ( 5 )

A
  • BInding & Supporting
  • Protecting
  • Insulating
  • Storing reserve fuel
  • Transporting substances
26
Q

What is the endocrine gland?

A

Product hormones that enter the blood or lymphatic fluid to specific organs.

27
Q

What is the four (4) nucleotide bases.

A
  1. Adenine
  2. Cytosine
  3. Guanine
  4. Thymine
28
Q

diffuse directly through the lipid
bilayer (usually small nonpolar molecules that readily dissolve in lipids)

A

Simple Diffusion

29
Q

Groups of cells that are similar in structure and perform a common or related function

A

Tissues

30
Q

sweeps up bits of cytoplasm and organelles into double-membrane vesicles called autophagosomes then delivered to lysosomes for digestion

A

Autophagy “self-eatong”

31
Q

Has no blood vessels but supplied with nerve fibers.

A

Avascular But Innervated

32
Q

Part of the epithelial tissue with 2 or more layers, common in high abrasion area such as lining of the mouth and skin surface

A

Stratified

33
Q

Well-vascularized tissues that are
responsible for most type of
body movement

A

Muscle TIssue

34
Q

High specialized nerve cells that generate and conduct nerve impulses which enables them to 1) respond to stimuli, and 2) transmit electrical impulses

A

Neurons

35
Q

division of the nucleus, is the series of events that parcels out the replicated DNA of the parent cell to two daughter cells

A

Mitosis

36
Q

Continuous multicellular sheets composed of at least 2 primary tissue types (epithelium + connective tissue)

A

Membrane

37
Q

non-cellular, adhesive sheet consisting of glycoproteins that acts as a selective filter that determines which molecules are allowed to enter the epithelium.

A

Basal Lamina

38
Q

Smallest unit of life

A

Cells

39
Q

Functions of the Plasma Membrane (4)

A
  • Physical Barrier
  • Selective Permeability
  • Communication
  • Cell Recognition

Anatomy & Physiology (1 decks)

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