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ANAPHY LEC > THE HUMAN BODY: AN ORIENTATION > Flashcards

THE HUMAN BODY: AN ORIENTATION Flashcards

1
Q

use to solve problems concerning the body when healthy or diseased.

A

anaphy

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2
Q

Study of the body’s structures.

A

anatomy

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3
Q

use in med school, anatomy and pathology labs to observe structure in living people witch imaging technique also helps

A

dissect

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4
Q 
true or false
the area of specialization anatomy have are :
Developmental anatomy 
Gross anatomy
Cytology 
Surface anatomy
A

true

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5
Q

focuses on the first 8 weeks of development.

A

embryology

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6
Q

examines cells, and histology examines tissues.

A

cytology

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7
Q

study of structures that can be observe only w/ magnifying device.

A

microscopic anatomy

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8
Q

micro means ?

A

small

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9
Q

studies organs from either a systemic or a regional perspective.

A

gross anatomy

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10
Q

study of structures that can be observe only w/out magnifying device

A

macroscopic anatomy

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11
Q

uses superficial structures to locate internal structures, and anatomical imaging is a noninvasive technique for identifying internal (deep) structures.

A

surface anatomy

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12
Q 
true or false 
anatomical imaging are the ff:
x-ray 
ultrasound
digital subtraction  anglography 
magnetic resonance image 
posittron emission tomography
A

true

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13
Q

study of structures that make-up a discrete body system that is the group of structure that work together to perform a unique body function

A

original anatomy

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14
Q

study of inter relationships of all the structures of a specific body region

A

systematic anatomy

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15
Q

true or false

the general approach to the study of body structure are regional anatomy and systematic anatomy

A

false, original anatomy

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16
Q

study of the body’s functions. It can be approached from cellular or a systems point of view.

A

physiology

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17
Q

state of steady internal condition

A

homeostasis

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18
Q 
true or false 
area of specialization in physiology are the ff: 
Cell physiology 
Systemic physiology
Neurophysiology
Cardiovascular physiology
Pathology
A

true

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19
Q 
true or false 
area of specialization in physiology are the ff: 
original physiology 
Systemic physiology
Neurophysiology
Cardiovascular physiology
Pathology
A

false, cell physiology

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20
Q

examines the processes occurring in cells.

A

cell physiology

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21
Q

considers the functions of organ systems.

A

system physiology

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22
Q

focuses on the nervous system and includes Body, spinal cord and nerves and how it works together to perform its function as complex and diverse

A

neurophysiology

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23
Q

deals with the heart and blood vessels

A

cardiovascular physiology

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24
Q

deals with all aspects of disease.

A

pathology

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25
Q

smallest unit of elements and buildup of (+)(-)(0)

A

atoms

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26
Q

level that involves interactions between atoms, which are tiny (simplest) building blocks of matter.

A

chemical level

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27
Q

basic structural and functional units of plants and animals.

A

cells

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28
Q

Smallest independent functioning unit of living organism w/in bacteria

A

cells

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29
Q

consist of flexible membrane.

A

human cell

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30
Q

combine to form organelles

A

molecules

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31
Q

small structures inside cells

A

organelles

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32
Q

group of similar cells and the materials surrounding them

A

tissue

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33
Q

true or false
four basic tissue:
epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous

A

true

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34
Q

true or false
four basic tissue:
tissue, connective, muscle, and nervous

A

false, epithelial

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35
Q

two or more tissue types that perform one or more common functions.

A

organ

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36
Q

true or false :

urinary bladder, heart, stomach, and lung are examples of org

A

true

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37
Q

group of organs that together perform a common function or set of functions and are therefore viewed as a unit.

A

organ system

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38
Q

any living thing considered as a whole

A

organism

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39
Q

network of organ systems, all mutually dependent on one another

A

human organism

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40
Q 
true or false:
STRACTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL ORGANIZATION OF THE HUMAN BODY:
Chemical level.
Cell level.
Tissue level.
Organ level.
Organ system level.
Organism level.
A

true

41
Q

how many organ system does human have?

A

11

42
Q

examines changes caused by exercise.

A

Exercise physiology

43
Q 
true or false :
the anatomical imaging are 
x-ray
ultrasound
computered tomography 
digital subtraction angiography
magnetic resonance image
position emission tomography
A

false, computered = computed

44
Q 
true or false :
the anatomical imaging are 
x-ray
ultrasound
computed tomography 
digital subtraction angiography
magnetic resonance image
position emission tomography
A

true

45
Q

what are the major parts of the body

A 
Brain 
spinal cord 
larynx 
trachea 
carotid artery 
aortic arc 
esophagus 
heart 
lungs 
liver 
pancreas 
gallbladder
kidney 
large and small intestine 
ureter
unrinary bladder 
urethra
diaphragm
spleen 
stomach 
kidney
46
Q

parts of integumentary system

A

skin
hair
nails
sweat glands

47
Q

parts of skeletal system

A 
skull 
clavicle 
sternum
ribs 
humerus 
vertebral column 
radius 
ulna 
pelvis 
ferum 
tibia
fibula
48
Q

parts of muscular system

A 
temporalis 
pectoralis major 
biceps brachii
rectus abdominis 
sartorius 
quadriceps femoris 
gastrocnemius
49
Q

parts of nervous system

A 
brain 
spinal cord 
nerve 
cuada equina 
sensory receptors
50
Q

parts of endocrine system

A 
hypothalamus 
pituitary 
pineal gland 
thyroid 
parathyroid
thymus 
adrenals 
ovarico (female ) 
pancreas 
testes
51
Q

parts of cardiovascular system

A 
carotid artery 
superior vena cava 
jugular vein
pulmonary trunk 
heart 
brachial artery 
aorta
inferior vena cava 
femoral artery and vein
52
Q

parts of urinary system

A

kidney
ureter
urinary bladder
urethra

53
Q

parts of female reproductive system

A 
mammary gland (in breast )
uterine tube 
ovary 
uterus 
vagina
54
Q

parts of male reproductive system

A 
seminal vesicle 
prostate gland 
testis 
penis
epididymis
ductus deferens
55
Q

parts of lymphatic system

A 
tonsils 
cervical lymph node 
thymus 
axillary lymph node 
mammary plexus 
lymphatic vessel 
thoracic duct 
spleen 
inguinal lymph node
56
Q

parts of respiratory system

A 
nasal cavity 
nose
pharynx (throat)
larynx 
trachea 
bronchi 
lungs
57
Q

parts of digestive system

A 
pharynx(throat)
oral cavity (mouth )
salivary glands 
esophagus 
stomach 
pancreas 
small intestine 
large intestine 
liver 
gallbladder 
appendix 
rectum 
anus
58
Q

a organ system that protects, regulates temp. , prevent water loss and help produce vitamin D.

A

integumentary system

59
Q

a organ system that provides protection and support, allows body movement, produces blood cells and stores minerals and adipose

A

skeletal system

60
Q

a organ system that produces body movements, maintains posture and produces body heat

A

muscular system

61
Q

a organ system that is a major regulatory system that detects sensations and controls movement, physiological processes and intellectual functions.

A

nervous system

62
Q

a organ system that is a major regulatory system that influences metabolism, growth, reproduction, and many other functions

A

endocrine system

63
Q

a organ system that transports nutrients, waste products, gases, and hormones through the body; plays a role in the immune response and the regulation of body temp.

A

cardiovascular system

64
Q

a organ system that removes waste products from the blood and regulates pH, ion balance and water balance

A

urinary system

65
Q

a organ system that produces oocytes and is the site of fertilization and fetal development; produces milk for the new born; produces hormones that influence sexual function and behavior

A

female reproductive system

66
Q

a organ system that produces and transfers sperm cells to the female and produces hormones that influence sexual functions and behaviors

A

male reproductive system

67
Q

a organ system that removes foreign substances from the blood and lymph, combats disease, maintains tissue fluid balance, and absorbs dietary tract

A

lymphatic system

68
Q

a organ system that exchanges oxygen and carbon dioxide between the blood and air and regulates blood pH

A

respiratory system

69
Q

a organ system that performs the mechanical and chemical processes of digestion, absorption of nutrients, and elimination of waste

A

digestive system

70
Q

interrelationships among the parts of an organism and how those parts interact to perform specific functions

A

organization

71
Q

way maintain distinct internal compartments.

A

Cell organizing

72
Q

has has the most bacteria cells in all the body.

A

Intestine tracks

73
Q

largest system humans have.

A

Integumentary system

74
Q

Changes an organism undergoes through time, beginning with fertilization and ending at death.

A

development

75
Q

involves changes in a cell’s structure and function from an immature, generalized state to a mature, specialized state.

A

Differentiation

76
Q

change in shape of tissues, organs, and the entire organism

A

morphogenesis

77
Q

Chemical reactions taking place in the cells and internal environment of an organism.

A

metabolism

78
Q

used when one part of a molecule moves relative to another part, changing the shape of the molecule.

A

energy

79
Q

energy can neither be created nor destroy can only change form.

A

1st law of thermodynamics

80
Q

ability to sense changes in its external or internal environment and adjust to those changes.

A

responsiveness

81
Q

increase in the size or number of cells, which produces an overall enlargement of all or part of an organism.

A

growth

82
Q

The formation of new cells or new organisms.

A

reproduction

83
Q

Condition in which body functions, body fluids, and other factors of the internal environment are maintained at levels suitable to support life.

A

homeostasis

84
Q

most systems of the body are regulated which maintain homeostasis.

A

negative feedback

85
Q

monitors the value of a variable

A

Receptor

86
Q

part of the brain, which establishes the set point around

A

control center

87
Q

adjust the value of the variable

A

Effector

88
Q

result in deviations further from the set point

A

positive feedback

89
Q

mechanisms include blood clotting and childbirth labor.

A

Normal positive-feedback

90
Q

examples include decreased blood flow to the heart.

A

Harmful positive-feedback

91
Q

human standing erect with the face directed forward, the arms hanging to the sides, and the palms facing forward

A

anatomical position

92
Q

person lying face upward

A

supine position

93
Q

person lying face

A

prone position

94
Q

what are the terminology in the body

A 
right 
left 
superior / cephalic 
anterior / caudal 
anterior / ventral 
posterior / dorsal 
proximal 
distal 
lateral 
medial 
superficial 
deep
95
Q

parts of head

A 
frontal 
orbital 
nasal 
oral
optic 
buccal 
mental
96
Q

parts of neck

A

cervical

clavicular

97
Q

Parts of trunk

A 
thoracic ( pectoral , sternal, mammary) 
abdominal 
umbilical 
pelvic 
inguinal 
pubic
98
Q

parts of upper limbic

A 
axillary 
brachial 
antecubital 
antebrachial 
manual (hand) ( carpal, palmar, digital)
99
Q

parts of lower limbs

A 
coxal 
femoral 
patellar 
crural 
pedal (foot)( talus, dorsum, digital

ANAPHY LEC (1 decks)

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