THE HUMAN BODY

Question 1

Cells

Answer 1

Cells are recognised as the simplest units of living matter that can maintain life reproduce themselves. The human body is made up of numerous cells, begins as a single, newly fertilised cell.

Question 2

Tissues

Answer 2

Tissues are somewhat more complex units than cells. A tissue is an organisation of a great many similar cells with varying amounts and kinds of non-living, intercellular substance between them.

Question 3

Organs

Answer 3

Organs are more complex units than tissues. An organ is an organisation of several different kinds of tissues arranged together they can be specific functions.

Question 4

Systems

Answer 4

The bodies systems are the most complex system of the human body. A system is an organisation of varying numbers and kinds of organs arranged together so that they can perform complex functions of the body.

Question 5

Anatomy

Answer 5

the study of the structure and relationship between body parts

Question 6

Physiology

Answer 6

the study of the function of body parts and the body holistically

Question 7

Skeletal System

Answer 7

Made up of 206 bones. the hard structure (bones and cartilages) that provides a frame for the body

Question 8

Muscular System

Answer 8

the organ system that creates movement (muscles, tendons). Also regulates body temperature and protects the body.

Question 9

Cardiovascular/circulatory system

Answer 9

Circulates bloods around the body via the hear, arteries and veins, delivering oxygen and nutrients to organs and cells and carrying the waster products away.

Question 10

Digestive system/ excretory system

Answer 10

mechanical and chemical processes that provide nutrients via the mount, oesophagus, stomach and intestines. Eliminates waste from the body.

Question 11

Endocrine system

Answer 11

provides chemical communications within the body using hormones.

Question 12

Integumentary system / exocrine system

Answer 12

skin, hair nails, sweat and other exocrine glands

Question 13

lymphatic system / immune system

Answer 13

the system comprising a network of lymphatic vessels that carry clear fluid called lymph. Defends the body against disease-causing agents.

Question 14

Muscular system / skeletal system

Answer 14

enables the body to movie using muscles. Bones supporting the body and its organs

Question 15

Nervous System

Answer 15

collects and processes information from the senses via nerves and the brain and tells the muscles to contacts to cause physical actions.

Question 16

Renal or Urinary system

Answer 16

the system where the kidney filters blood

Question 17

Reproductive system

Answer 17

the sex organs required to produce offspring

Question 18

Respirator system

Answer 18

the lungs and the trachea that converts air into oxygen for the body.

Question 19

Superior

Answer 19

Above another structure

Question 20

Interferior

Answer 20

Below another structure

Question 21

Anterior/Ventral

Answer 21

Toward the front of the body

Question 22

Posterior/Dorsal

Answer 22

Toward the back of the body

Question 23

Medial

Answer 23

Toward the middle of the body
(the midline divides the body
into equal left and right sides)

Question 24

Lateral

Answer 24

Away from the midline of the
body or toward the side of the
body

Question 25

Ipsilateral

Answer 25

On the same side as the body

Question 26

Contralateral

Answer 26

On the opposite side of the body

Question 27

Intermediate

Answer 27

Between two structures

Question 28

Proximal

Answer 28

Closer to the point of attachment of a limb

Question 29

Distal

Answer 29

Further from the point of a limb

Question 30

Superficial

Answer 30

Toward the surface of the body

Question 31

Deep

Answer 31

Away from the surface of the body

Question 32

Anatomical Position

Answer 32

In this position the body is straight in standing position with eyes also looking straight.

Question 33

Supine Position

Answer 33

In this position the body is lying down with face pointing upwards

Question 34

Prone Position

Answer 34

plane. Prone Position This is the position in which the back of the body is directed upwards. The body lies in a horizontal plane with face directed downwards.

Question 35

Lithotomy Position

Answer 35

In this position the body is lying in a supine with hips and knees fully extended. The feet are strapped in position to support the flexed knees and hips.

Question 36

Origin

Answer 36

The relatively fixed end of muscle during natural movements of the muscle.

Question 37

Insertion

Answer 37

The relatively mobile end of the muscle during natural movements of the muscle.

Question 38

Belly

Answer 38

The fat fleshy part of the muscle which is contractile in function

Question 39

Tendon

Answer 39

The fibrous and non-contractile part of the muscle which attaches muscle to the bone.

Question 40

Aponeurosis

Answer 40

The flattened tendon arising from the connective tissues around the muscle

Question 41

Flexion

Answer 41

A movement by which the angle of a joint is decreased

Question 42

Extension

Answer 42

A movement by which the angle of a joint is increased.

Question 43

Adduction

Answer 43

Movement toward the central axis

Question 44

Abduction

Answer 44

Movement away from the central axis.

Question 45

Medial rotation

Answer 45

Rotation toward the medial side of the body.

Question 46

Lateral rotation

Answer 46

Rotation towards the lateral side of the body.

Question 47

Pronation

Answer 47

This movement occurs in the forearm whereby the palm is turned backwards.

Question 48

Supination

Answer 48

This movement also occurs in the forearm whereby the palm is turned forwards

Question 49

Cardiovascular

Answer 49

Cardiovascular means the system of heart and blood vessels of human body. The term “cardiovascular” is a combination of two words; “cardio” and “vascular.” The term “cardio” is derived from “cardiac” meaning heart and the term “vascular” means blood vessels. The cardiovascular system is also known as “circulatory system.”

Question 50

Lordosis

Answer 50

abnormal curve of the lumbar spine, also called sway back

Question 51

kyphosis

Answer 51

abnormal curve of the thoracic spine, also know as hunchback

Question 52

scoliosis

Answer 52

abnormal curve from side to side