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HLTAAP001 > THE HUMAN BODY > Flashcards

THE HUMAN BODY Flashcards

1
Q

Cells

A

Cells are recognised as the simplest units of living matter that can maintain life reproduce themselves. The human body is made up of numerous cells, begins as a single, newly fertilised cell.

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2
Q

Tissues

A

Tissues are somewhat more complex units than cells. A tissue is an organisation of a great many similar cells with varying amounts and kinds of non-living, intercellular substance between them.

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3
Q

Organs

A

Organs are more complex units than tissues. An organ is an organisation of several different kinds of tissues arranged together they can be specific functions.

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4
Q

Systems

A

The bodies systems are the most complex system of the human body. A system is an organisation of varying numbers and kinds of organs arranged together so that they can perform complex functions of the body.

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5
Q

Anatomy

A

the study of the structure and relationship between body parts

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6
Q

Physiology

A

the study of the function of body parts and the body holistically

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7
Q

Skeletal System

A

Made up of 206 bones. the hard structure (bones and cartilages) that provides a frame for the body

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8
Q

Muscular System

A

the organ system that creates movement (muscles, tendons). Also regulates body temperature and protects the body.

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9
Q

Cardiovascular/circulatory system

A

Circulates bloods around the body via the hear, arteries and veins, delivering oxygen and nutrients to organs and cells and carrying the waster products away.

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10
Q

Digestive system/ excretory system

A

mechanical and chemical processes that provide nutrients via the mount, oesophagus, stomach and intestines. Eliminates waste from the body.

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11
Q

Endocrine system

A

provides chemical communications within the body using hormones.

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12
Q

Integumentary system / exocrine system

A

skin, hair nails, sweat and other exocrine glands

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13
Q

lymphatic system / immune system

A

the system comprising a network of lymphatic vessels that carry clear fluid called lymph. Defends the body against disease-causing agents.

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14
Q

Muscular system / skeletal system

A

enables the body to movie using muscles. Bones supporting the body and its organs

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15
Q

Nervous System

A

collects and processes information from the senses via nerves and the brain and tells the muscles to contacts to cause physical actions.

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16
Q

Renal or Urinary system

A

the system where the kidney filters blood

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17
Q

Reproductive system

A

the sex organs required to produce offspring

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18
Q

Respirator system

A

the lungs and the trachea that converts air into oxygen for the body.

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19
Q

Superior

A

Above another structure

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20
Q

Interferior

A

Below another structure

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21
Q

Anterior/Ventral

A

Toward the front of the body

22
Q

Posterior/Dorsal

A

Toward the back of the body

23
Q

Medial

A

Toward the middle of the body
(the midline divides the body
into equal left and right sides)

24
Q

Lateral

A

Away from the midline of the
body or toward the side of the
body

25
Q

Ipsilateral

A

On the same side as the body

26
Q

Contralateral

A

On the opposite side of the
body

27
Q

Intermediate

A

Between two structures

28
Q

Proximal

A

Closer to the point of
attachment of a limb

29
Q

Distal

A

Further from the point of a limb

30
Q

Superficial

A

Toward the surface of the body

31
Q

Deep

A

Away from the surface of the
body

32
Q

Anatomical Position

A

In this position the body is straight in standing position with eyes
also looking straight.

33
Q

Supine Position

A

In this position the body is lying down with face pointing upwards

34
Q

Prone Position

A

plane.
Prone Position This is the position in which the back of the body is directed
upwards. The body lies in a horizontal plane with face directed downwards.

35
Q

Lithotomy Position

A

In this position the body is lying in a supine with hips and knees fully
extended. The feet are strapped in position to support the flexed
knees and hips.

36
Q

Origin

A

The relatively fixed end of muscle during natural movements of the
muscle.

37
Q

Insertion

A

The relatively mobile end of the muscle during natural movements
of the muscle.

38
Q

Belly

A

The fat fleshy part of the muscle which is contractile in function

39
Q

Tendon

A

The fibrous and non-contractile part of the muscle which attaches muscle to the bone.

40
Q

Aponeurosis

A

The flattened tendon arising from the connective tissues around the
muscle

41
Q

Flexion

A

A movement by which the angle of a joint is decreased

42
Q

Extension

A

A movement by which the angle of a joint is increased.

43
Q

Adduction

A

Movement toward the central axis

44
Q

Abduction

A

Movement away from the central axis.

45
Q

Medial rotation

A

Rotation toward the medial side of the body.

46
Q

Lateral rotation

A

Rotation towards the lateral side of the body.

47
Q

Pronation

A

This movement occurs in the forearm whereby the palm is turned
backwards.

48
Q

Supination

A

This movement also occurs in the forearm whereby the palm is
turned forwards

49
Q

Cardiovascular

A

Cardiovascular means the system of heart and blood vessels of
human body.
The term “cardiovascular” is a combination of two words; “cardio”
and “vascular.”
The term “cardio” is derived from “cardiac” meaning heart and the
term “vascular” means blood vessels.
The cardiovascular system is also known as “circulatory system.”

50
Q

Lordosis

A

abnormal curve of the lumbar spine, also called sway back

51
Q

kyphosis

A

abnormal curve of the thoracic spine, also know as hunchback

52
Q

scoliosis

A

abnormal curve from side to side

HLTAAP001 (1 decks)

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