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Classics > The Homeric World: The Mycenaean Age > Flashcards

The Homeric World: The Mycenaean Age Flashcards

1
Q

Importance of Mycenae

A

Most famous, best preserved city of Mycenaean age, contains significant quantity of gold pottery treasure and frescoes, site contains several types of tombs and graves

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2
Q

Location of Mycenae

A

Northeast Peloponnese, mainland Greece

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3
Q

Layout of Mycenae

A

Citadel built on hill, perimeter was 900m, hills to north and south and ravines surround on three sides, spring less than 400m away

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4
Q

Palace of Mycenae

A

Very top of the hill, large terraces for storage at the sides

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5
Q

Sally ports

A

Important part of defensive structure, gap in outer wall

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6
Q

How many sally ports were there and where were they?

A

Two, north and south of the city

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7
Q

What is corbelling?

A

A technique used to span a gap between two structures

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8
Q

Where was the underground cistern?

A

Next to the northern sally port

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9
Q

Lion gate

A

main entrance to city, built in the 13th century BC

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10
Q

Grave circle B

A

Discovered in 1952, 200m west of city walls , 24 graves - 14 shaft graves and 10 cist graves

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11
Q

What was found in grave circle B?

A

Electrum funeral mask, pottery, jewellery, swords, rock crystal vessel

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12
Q

Grave circle A

A

Discovered in 1876, south west area of city - inside walls, 6 shaft graves

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13
Q

What was found in grave circle A?

A

Two gold death masks, swords, pottery objects, jewellery, gold cup with repousse spirals

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14
Q

Gold death mask of Agamemnon

A

Found by Schliemann in grave circle A, 16th century BC - too early to be Agamemnon, 17cm x 25cm

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15
Q

Importance of Tiryns

A

Remains of palace, series of arched galleries, strong defensive walls, numerous frescoes found

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16
Q

Location of Tiryns

A

Eastern Peloponnese, mainland Greece, 10 miles south of Mycenae, built on hill 18m above surrounding land

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17
Q

Layout of Tiryns

A

300m long, between 45m and 100m wide, upper citadel was palace, lower part was buildings and arch galleries

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18
Q

Galleries of Tiryns

A

Built into outer walls of city - south and east, corbelling used, up to 30m long

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19
Q

Palace of Tiryns

A

Built on highest part, megaron - central heath surrounded by four wooden pillars and east was a small platform for kings throne

20
Q

Tholos tomb

A

Built into hillside half mile from Tiryns, 6m tall, 6m wide, corbelled roof

21
Q

Troy VI (6)

A

destruction - 1250 BC, earthquake
walls and defences - walls over 7m high and has 4 towers
house and population - large two storey houses
evidence of warfare - no bodies found

22
Q

Troy VIIa (7a)

A

destruction - 1220 BC, fire
walls and defences - same as Troy VI
houses and population - single storey houses
evidence of warfare - partial human remains

23
Q

What were the function of palaces? (5)

A

Contained: archives of official documents, potteries, food storage rooms, shrines and armouries

24
Q

What was the megaron used for? (3)

A

Worship, official business, banquets with poetry

25
Q

What was the hearths purpose in the megaron?

A

Fire for religious purposes or cooking

26
Q

What was the most important feature of the megaron?

A

The hearth

27
Q

Where does the evidence for hunting come from? (2)

A

Frescoes, scenes on daggers or signet rings

28
Q

What were the noblest and most dangerous prey when hunting?

A

Lions and boars

29
Q

What was the most common prey when hunting?

A

Deer

30
Q

What are some examples of earlier shields? (2)

A

Figure of eight shields and tower shields

31
Q

What were early helmets made out of?

A

Boar tusk

32
Q

What were Iliadic helmets made out of?

A

Metal with animal skin liners

33
Q

What happened to the length of swords and spears over time?

A

They got shorter - better for close contact

34
Q

What is the evidence for chariots? (3)

A

Carved on artefacts, horses buried in pairs, linear B tablets

35
Q

What are some of the uses of chariots? (4)

A

War, hunting, racing and transport

36
Q

What were clothes made out of?

A

Wool of sheep or goats or linen from flax fibres

37
Q

How was cloth dyed?

A

With natural products

38
Q

What is the evidence of trade? (3)

A

Objects found in cities, linear B tablets, ship wrecks

39
Q

What were the advantages of sea trade? (2)

A

It was accessible and they had safe harbours

40
Q

What were the disadvantages of sea trade? (4)

A

Time consuming, limited to sailing season, hazardous, unpredictable

41
Q

What were some of the exports from trade? (5)

A

Pottery, oil, wine, daggers and beads

42
Q

What were some of the imports from trade? (8)

A

Gold, amber, ivory, silver, lead, copper, tin and glass

43
Q

What are linear B tablets?

A

Inscribed, semi permanent, clay tablets from the Mycenaean age

44
Q

Where were the linear B tablets found?

A

At major palace sites

45
Q

How long did linear B tablets usually last?

A

Less than a year

46
Q

What did the linear B tablets tell us about? (4)

A

Workers, agriculture, military and religion

Classics (1 decks)

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