The heart

Question 1

What is the term to describe the heart muscles?

Answer 1

Myogenic

Question 2

What does the term myogenic mean?

Answer 2

Contract spontaneously without being stimulated by nerve cells.

Question 3

What are the four main chambers of the heart?

Answer 3

Left and right atrium and ventricle.

Question 4

What does the left pulmonary vein and artery do?

Answer 4

Carries oxygenated blood from and to the left lung.

Question 5

What does the left pulmonary vein and artery do?

Answer 5

Carries deoxygenated blood from and to the right lung.

Question 6

What does the aorta do?

Answer 6

Carries oxygenated blood to the body.

Question 7

What does the semilunar valve do?

Answer 7

It prevents backward flow of blood.

Question 8

How is the left ventricular muscle adapted?

Answer 8

It has thick cardiac muscle.

Question 9

How is the right ventricular muscle adapted?

Answer 9

It has thin cardiac muscle.

Question 10

What does the septum do?

Answer 10

Divides left and right side of the heart.

Question 11

What does the purkinje fibres do?

Answer 11

Send nerve impulses to the ventricles of the heart.

Question 12

What does the inferior vena cava?

Answer 12

Carries deoxygenated blood from the lower and middle body.

Question 13

What does the bundles of His do?

Answer 13

It transmits impulses from the AV node to the ventricles.

Question 14

What does the sinoatrial node (SAN) do?

Answer 14

Heart’s pacemaker responsible for the regular contractions of the heart muscle.

Question 15

What does the superior vena cava do?

Answer 15

Carries deoxygenated blood from the upper body.

Question 16

What does the term cardiac output mean?

Answer 16

Volume of blood pumped out by the heart per minute.

Question 17

What does the heart rate mean?

Answer 17

Number of heart beats per minute.

Question 18

What does the stroke volume mean?

Answer 18

volume of blood in millilitres, pumped out of the heart at each beat.

Question 19

What do the arteries do and which one is the main artery for the heart?

Answer 19

Carries the blood away from the heart, the main artery is the aorta.

Question 20

What do the capillaries do and what is the structure?

Answer 20

Carries blood away from the body and exchange nutrients, waste and oxygen with tissues at the cellular tissues.

Question 21

What do the veins do?

Answer 21

Blood vessels that bring blood back at the heart and drain blood from organs and limbs.

Question 22

What are the five factors that increase the risk of cardiovascular disease?

Answer 22

Age, gender, family history, smoking and high blood pressure.

Question 23

How does age affect the risk of cardio disease?

Answer 23

Risk of damage and narrowed arteries and weakened or thickened heart muscle.

Question 24

How does gender affect the risk of cardio disease?

Answer 24

Men are generally at greater risk of heart muscle, women’s risk increases after menopause.

Question 25

How does family history affect the risk of cardio disease?

Answer 25

risk of disease if your parents have suffered from it.

Question 26

How does smoking affect the risk of cardio disease?

Answer 26

Nicotine constricts the blood vessels and carbon monoxide can damage the inner lining- heart attacks are more common.

Question 27

How does high blood pressure affect the risk of cardio disease?

Answer 27

Uncontrolled blood pressure can result in hardening and thickening of the arteries, these narrow the vessels through which blood flows.

Question 28

What does the term cardiac diastole mean?

Answer 28

chambers are relaxed and all the blood flows into the heart.

Question 29

What does the atrial systole and ventricular diastole mean?

Answer 29

atria contract, pushing blood into the ventricles.

Question 30

What does atrial diastole and ventricular systole mean?

Answer 30

atria relax the ventricles contract and pushing blood out of the heart.

Question 31

What does the term systole mean?

Answer 31

Contraction of the ventricles and forcing blood into the vessels to your lungs and body.

Question 32

What does the term diastole mean?

Answer 32

Relaxation of the ventricles are filled with blood coming from the upper chambers (left and right atria).

Question 33

What does the term sinus arrhythemias mean?

Answer 33

Irregular heart rate

Question 34

What does the ventricular fibrillation mean?

Answer 34

Fast heart rate.

Question 35

What does the tachycardia mean?

Answer 35

Fast heart rate.

Question 36

What does the bradycardia mean?

Answer 36

Slow heart rate.

Question 37

What are the symptoms for cardiovascular disease?

Answer 37

smoking, diabetes, drug abuse, stress, chest pain, shortness of breath, lightheadedness and fainting.

Question 38

What does the term Rh determine?

Answer 38

Determines if it is positive or negative.

Question 39

What are the four types of blood?

Answer 39

A, B, AB and O.

Question 40

what is special about O blood?

Answer 40

No antigens

Question 41

what is the universal blood type?

Answer 41

O.

Question 42

Where are the antibodies found?

Answer 42

Plasma and part of your body's natural defences.

Question 43

Where are the antigens found?

Answer 43

Protein molecules.

Question 44

What are the four steps of the cardiac cycle.

Answer 44

Ventricular diastole, ventricular systole, atrial diastole and atrial systole.