The Heart

Question 1

Left structure (top to bottom)

Answer 1

Aorta
pulmonary vein
left atrium
semi lunar valve
left atrioventricular valve
cords (valve tendons)
left ventricle

Question 2

Right structure (top to bottom)

Answer 2

Pulmonary artery
Superior vena cava
inferior vena cava
right atrium
semi lunar valve
right atrioventricular valve
right ventricle

Question 3

Heart adaptations - chambers

Answer 3

Left ventricle is more muscular (thicker) than right ventricle = contracts more powerfully = pumps blood all the way around the body
Right ventricle only gets blood to lungs which are nearby
Ventricles have thicker walls than atria = v. push blood out of the heart =/= a. push blood into v.

Question 4

Heart adaptations - valves

Answer 4

atrioventricular valves link atria to ven. and prevent backflow into at. when ven. contract
semi lunar valves link ven. to arteries and prevent back flow into heart post ven. contraction
valve tendons attach AV valves to ventricles to stop them entering atria when ventricles contract

Question 5

Stage one - Cardiac Cycle

Answer 5

Ventricles relax, atria contract
atria volume decreases, increasing pressure
blood pushed into ventricles
ventricular pressure and chamber volume increases

Question 6

Stage 2 - Cardiac Cycle

Answer 6

Ventricles contract, atria relax
ventricle volume decreases, pressure increases
pressure high in ven. than at.
AV valves shut to prevent back flow