The Heart Flashcards
How do you calculate the rate of blood flow ?
Rate of blood flow = volume of blood / number of minutes (ml/min)
How to calculate the breathing rate?
Breaths per minute = number of breaths/ number of minutes
What are the characteristics of veins?
- capillaries join up to make veins
- low pressure of blood so thinner walls
- bigger lumen to help blood flow
What to valves prevent and where are they located?
Valves help prevent the back flow and are found in the veins
What are the characteristics of capillaries?
- Capillaries branch from arteries
- They are too small to see (1 cell thick)
- Carry blood really close to every cell to exchange substances; permeable walls, increased rate of diffusion
What are the different types of blood vessels?
- Arteries
- Veins
- Capillaries
What are arteries?
Arteries are blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart
What are veins?
Veins are blood vessels that carry blood to the heart
What are capillaries?
Capillaries are blood vessels that are involved in the exchange of materials at the tissue
What are the characteristics of arteries?
-carry blood under high pressure; strong and elastic walls
-walls are thick compared to lumen(hole)
-contains thick layers of muscle in order to make strong elastic fibres walls allowing to stretch
What are statins?
They reduce the bad cholesterol in blood as having too much bad cholesterol can cause fatty deposits to form in arteries
What are stents and why are they used?
Stents are tubes which are inserted i to arteries keeping them open allowing blood to flow; keeping the heart beating
What are the positive effects of using stents?
-lowers the risk of heart attacks in people with CHD
-effective for a long time
What are the negative effects of using stents?
-possible complications during surgery (infection)
-risk of blood clots
What is Coronary Heart Disease (CHD)?
Coronary heart disease is when the coronary arteries get blocked by layers of fatty material
-this causes the arteries to become narrow so blood flow is restricted and there is a lack of oxygen to the heart; resulting in a heart attack
