The Heart Flashcards

1
Q

What are causes of coronary heart disease?

A

Poor diet – eating more saturated fat tends to increase cholesterol levels
Stress and smoking – increases blood pressure
Lack of exercise and being overweight

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2
Q

What happens if the coronary artery is blocked?

A

You can get a heart attack.

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3
Q

4 factors that increase coronary heart disease:

A
  • Smoking
  • High blood pressure
  • High levels of salt in the diet
  • High levels of saturated fat in the diet
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4
Q

3 ways of treating coronary heart disease:

A

Statins (medication): drugs that help to lower cholesterol in the blood. They do this by lowering its production in the liver.

Stents (opens arteries): coronary arteries that are blocked or have become narrow can be stretched open and have a stent inserted to restore and maintain blood flow.

Heart transplants

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5
Q

Smoking increases the risk of cardiovascular disease in several ways:

A
  • Smoking damages the lining of the arteries, building up of fat can lead to a heart attack or stroke.
  • Inhaling carbon monoxide can reduce the amount of oxygen the blood can carry
  • Nicotine increases heart rate putting strain on the heart
  • Increases the chance of blood clotting which will lead to a heart attack or stroke
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6
Q

How can having diabetes lead to coronary heart disease?

A

High sugar levels cause fatty deposits which stick to the artery making them smallet. High blood pressure increases the force of blood through your arteries this damages artery walls.

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7
Q

What do the coronary arteries do?

A

The coronary arteries supply blood to the heart muscle. These may become blocked by a build-up of fatty plaques containing cholesterol, resulting in coronary heart disease.

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8
Q

Label this picture of the heart and what each part does?

Link: https://www.thinglink.com/scene/378844587415830529

A

A: Right Atrium (Deoxygenated blood)
B: Right Ventricle (Deoxygenated blood)
C: Left Atrium (Oxygenated blood)
D: Left Ventricle (Oxygenated blood)

1: Vena Cava (carries blood from the body)
2: Pulmonary artery (takes blood from the heart to the lungs)
3: Aorta (carries blood from the heart to the rest of the body
4: Pulmonary vein (takes oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart)

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9
Q

How can the build up of fatty material damage the heart?

A
  • Fatty deposits stick the walls or the arteries make them narrow
  • This reduces blood flow so less oxygen gets to the heart muscle
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10
Q

What are some risk factors of coronary heart disease? (Extended writing)

A
  • poor diet – eating more saturated fat tends to increase cholesterol levels.
  • stress and smoking – increases blood pressure.
  • salt – eating too much causes high blood pressure.
  • lack of exercise
  • genetic factors
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