The Gulf Wars

Question 1

Iraq’s Nationalist Government and Saddam Hussein

How was Iraq an example of a vibrant nationalist government in the 20th century?

Answer 1

Iraq, under Saddam Hussein, was a nationalist state led by a dictator. As the USSR weakened, Iraq became an aggressive regional power, akin to the “Prussia of the Arab world.” Its formation in 1921 by the British unified diverse regions, including Kurds, Sunnis, and Shiites.

Question 2

Iraq’s Formation and British Influence

What role did the British play in Iraq’s formation?

Answer 2

Britain formed Iraq after WWI by combining various regions. The British invited an Arab prince to rule in 1921, which marked the start of a British-influenced monarchy. Iraq gained nominal independence in 1932 but remained under British military influence.

Question 3

Intellectual Movements and Anti-Monarch Sentiment in Iraq

What led to the rise of anti-monarch sentiment in Iraq?

Answer 3

ntellectuals grew disillusioned with Western influence, and groups like the Baath Party and Nasserites, inspired by pan-Arabism and socialism, rallied against the monarchy. This led to a coup in 1958, starting 20 years of factional fighting.