The Growth Of Liberal Opposition To 1905 Flashcards
What has liberals always wanted?
-had long pressed for changes in the gov structure of country
What added to the numbers favouring liberalism?
-spread of education + emergence of stronger middle class due to industrialisations added to numbers favouring more representation + rule of law
Where was liberalism strong?
-in zemstva as reputation enhanced by actions taken in case of gov incompetence during great famine 1891-92
What happened to the resentments of the zemstva?
-their resentments were galvanised by reduction in zemstva powers under Alexander II
What happened in 1895 regarding a zemstva?
-the Tver zemstva petitioned Nicholas II set up advisory body but tsar dismissed request as senseless dream
How did this impact the liberals?
-didn’t deter liberals like Prince Lvov who continued demand creation of all-class zemstvo at district level + National Assembly
What has happened after this that was similar?
-1896 Ivan Shipov tried set up all zemstvo organisation but was immediately banned
What did this encourage?
-more radical liberals to est the Beseda Symposium 1899
-to meet in secret discuss matters of liberal interest such as judicial reform + universal education
What was the impact of the Beseda Symposium?
-when gov ordered dismissal of hundred liberals from elected boards of zenstave
-BS assumed leadership of liberal movement attracting wide range support from public figures + members of legal professions
What was created in 1903 and who was it inspired by?
-Union of Liberation founded under inspiration of Pyotr Struve
Who was Pyotr Struve?
-defected from Marxism opposing its commitment to violent rev
-began journal ‘Liberation’ published in Gr to escape censorship
What did Struve believe Russia needed?
-a period of peaceful evolution to adapt to new industrialising status
-wanted see a constitutional system through the urban workers could campaign legally to improve their conditions
What did the Union do in 1904?
-held grand meeting inviting zemstva + other professional societies
-but had limited political influence before 1905
What did the liberals contribute to?
-to the momentum building up for political change
-the main beneficiaries of the rev in the year one of their aims was achieved - representative national body the state Duma
