The Great Migration + Push for Democracy Flashcards
What is a demoGRAPHIC change?
a change in the characteristics of a population
What triggered the great migration? (4 reasons)
- Britain citizens left because they lost their farms which caused serious unemployment
- Napoleonic Wars caused an economic slowdown
- Industrial Evolution (machines replaced their jobs)
- New opportunities in other cities
What impacts did the great migration have?
There were more abandoned farms available for purchase e, and more British people in other countries.
What key ideas about population in British North America did you find from 1820’s-1850’s? (2)
Upper Canada increases A LOT.
The maritime provinces stay fairly consistent.
What happened to the boats coming to Canada?
Very small and way overcrowded. They ran out of food and water which they had to ration. It was much colder than the people expected. A lot of people died of Cholera: a contagious disease that causes intestinal problems and dehydration.
What was the cholera controversy?
Some accused the British of sending emigrants to Canada to lower the Canadien population. Britain was accused of killing their people.
What is a reformer?
someone who seeks to change — to reform — established rules and arrangements in society
What did the reformers want?
They wanted Britain to treat them like adults. They wanted to establish their own government and laws.
What kind of government did British North America have and what does it mean?
A colonial government is a government established in a colony and controlled by an imperial power. Britain appointed the people who had the power to make decisions.
Who has the power in a Democracy?
Voters have a lot of power because they can choose decision makers who reflect their values and attitudes.
What did British north America reformers want?
Some reformers advocated changing the power structure of government while maintaining ties to Britain. Some advocated ending British rule altogether and establishing a republic like the United States.
What is a republic?
a system of government that does not have a monarchy (like a democracy)
Fill in the blank.
In ____ Britain took the decision to divide the Province of _______ into _______ canada and _______ canada, which then led to a ________.
- 1791
- Quebec
- Upper
- Lower
- Rebellion
What is a quick summary of the situation in Lower Canada?
The council and the assembly both wanted more power. It was hard because anglophone and protestant people controlled the council, and francophone and Catholics made up most of the assembly.
What is a quick summary of the situation in Upper Canada?
The council and the assembly both wanted more power. It was hard because a group of wealthy English Canadian families known as the “Family Compact” held power in the council. Francophones and Catholics made up most of the assembly.
What were the recommendations made by Lord Durham?
Recommendation #1 — Union of Lower and Upper Canada
Recommendation #2— More democratic government-Lord Durham believed Britain should have less of a role in the affairs of the colony
Recommendation #3—Assimilation of the Canadiens
What is the Act of Union?
In 1841, Britain passed the Act of Union based on the recommendations of the Durham report to pressure the Canadiens to assimilate.
What did the act of union do?
Combined Upper Canada and Lower Canada into a single province. Created a legislative council. Created an assembly with an equal number of representatives. Made English the official language of Canada.
What pressures did the Anishanabe face?
The Anishinabe were planning to relocate but it was hard because they couldn’t go their traditional way; water. British offered them land that they didn’t want because it had rocks all over and they couldn’t farm.
Explain what the La-Fontaine-Baldwin Alliance was.
With Baldwin, La-Fontaine pressured Britain to recognize French as an official language of the assembly. They established University of Laval and University of Toronto.
Because of these 2, Britain granted the Province of Canada a self-government in 1848.
