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History > The Great Depression > Flashcards

The Great Depression Flashcards

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1
Q

What were five problems that led to the Great Depression?:

A
  • collapse of the stock market
  • banks closing
  • uneven distribution of income
  • lower exports
  • the federal reserve
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2
Q

Define margin

A

Borrowing money from stockbrokers to buy stocks.

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3
Q

Define margin call

A

Demanding the investor to repay the loan at once

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4
Q

Define speculation

A

buying stocks in anticipation that the price will keep rising

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5
Q

Define bull market

A

A long period of high stock prices

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6
Q

Define installment plan

A

Consumers buy goods with a small down payment and pay the rest off in small monthly installments.

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7
Q

Define bank run

A

Depositors withdrew all of their money at one time

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8
Q

What day was known as Black Thursday and how did it get its name?

A

It’s when the stock market plumeted. It’s on October 24, 1929.

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9
Q

What was the Hawley-Smoot Tariff?

A

Raised the tariff on imports and exports, to protect American businesses and farmers.

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10
Q

What were two causes of the Dust Bowl?

A

poor farming practices and a drought on the Great Plains.

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11
Q

In what area of the country did the Dust Bowl take place?

A

From the dakotas to texas/great plains.

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12
Q

How did many farmers respond to the Dust Bowl?

A

They moved away to California as oakies.

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13
Q

What’s a hobo?

A

Someone who is like a bum. Who is homeless and impoverished.

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14
Q

How did President Hoover respond to the Depression?

A

He was not very worried, he thought the economy would be fine.

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15
Q

Define relief

A

Money given directly to impoverished families

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16
Q

How did President Hoover feel about supplying relief to Americans?

A

He believed only state and local governments and private charities should dole out relief.

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17
Q

Define forclose

A

Can’t afford house anymore so the bank takes it.

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18
Q

Define shantytown

A

Where homeless people lived(unused/public lands)

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19
Q

What’s another name for a shantytown?

A

Hoovervilles

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20
Q

Why did so many people go to the movies during the Great Depression?

A

It kept them from worrying.

21
Q

John Steinbeck’s accomplishment’s:

A

The Grapes of Wrath(book, movie, and Pulitzer Prize.)

22
Q

Grant Wood’s accomplishment’s:

A

Art emphasizing traditional American values. (American Gothic).

23
Q

Define public works

A

Something Hoover supported, created jobs.

24
Q

What happened when the Bonus Army marched to Washington DC? Why were they marching?

A

The actual army was brought in, people hid in buildings, people were killed. This happened because the veterans wanted their bonus’s early.

25
Q

By 1932, how did most Americans feel about President Hoover and the Republican party?

A

People did NOT like President Hoover or the Republican party.

26
Q

What was FDR’s job before he was elected as President?

A

Senate/Politician Lawyer

27
Q

What political party did FDR belong to?

A

Democratic

28
Q

Define New Deal

A

Roosevelt’s policies for ending the Depression.

29
Q

Define Hundred Days

A

March 9-June 16 1933: Congess passed 15 major acts to resolve the economic crisis.

30
Q

Define bank holiday

A

Governors closed banks before bank runs could put them out of business.

31
Q

Define deficit spending

A

government spending

32
Q

What were FDR’s fireside chats?

A

direct talks over the radio in which President Roosevelt told the poeple what he was trying to accomplish.

33
Q

Emergency Banking Relief Act

A

Recovery&Reform, federal examiners would survey the nation’s banks and issue licenses to those that were in financially good standing.

34
Q

Securities and Exchange Commission

A

Reform, regulate the stock market and prevent fraud.

35
Q

Glass-Steagall Banking Act

A

Reform, separated commercial banking from investment banking.

36
Q

Home Owners’ Loan Corporation

A

Recovery, bought a homeowner’s mortgage then allowed them to repay HOLC instead of repaying a bank.

37
Q

Farm Credit Administration

A

Recovery, refinance farmers mortgages so they could pay bank loans easily.

38
Q

Agricultural Adjustment Act

A

Reform, paid farmers to not grow crops.

39
Q

National Industrial Recovery Act

A

Reform&Recovery, business, workers, and the government worked together to “set rules” for each industry.

40
Q

Civilian Conservation Corps

A

Recovery, Allowed young men 19-25 to work planting trees, fighting forest fires, and building reservoirs.

41
Q

Federal Emergency Relief Administration

A

Relief, gave money to state and local governments.

42
Q

Public Works Administration

A

Reform, built highways, dams, sewer systems, schools, and government facilities.

43
Q

Civil Works Administration

A

Reform, updated airports, roads, schools, parks, playgrounds. Gave 4 million people jobs.

44
Q

National Labor Relations Act

A

Reform, guaranteed workers the right to organize in unions.

45
Q

Social Security Act

A

Reform&Relief, provided some financial security for senior citizens and unemployed workers.

46
Q

What was FDR’s court packing plan and what was the response?

A

IF youve served for 10 years AND didnt retire within 6 months of turning 70 THEN the president could replace you. People thought FDR was trying to undermine the system and take over.

47
Q

Sit down strikes

A

people stopped working but stayed inside their workplaces and refused to leave

48
Q

The recession of 1937

A

Unemployment, industrial output fell, FDR cut back on budgets for his programs/policies.

49
Q

Keynesianism

A

The government should spend a LOT of money during a recession

History (1 decks)

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