the granada war 1482-1492 Flashcards
why did they want to conquer granada
it was the last non-christian kingdom in the iberian peninsula
what gave I & F the opportunity for a military campaign against granada
the capture by Moors of a frontier town in adalusia in 1481
what did I & F believe the granada war to be
- crusade
- opportunity to complete reconquest & bring whole of iberian peninsula under christian rule
how was the granada war financed
- pope allowed monarchs to keep cruzada & granted indulgences
- pope gifted large silver cross which was carried by army
- F & I increased taxation on towns & hermandad, & take out loans
define cruzada
tax/money offering which was earmarked for christian crusades against muslims
define indulgences
remission granted by church of temporal punishment due to sins already forgiven
reasons for conquest of granada
- improve national security in castile
–> additional land & trade available for castilians & 2 monarchs would have ensured whole of spain under christian rule
who was the army composed of
- men joined army from all over spanish lands
- hermandad supplied troops
- many of nobility supplied forces
when did the war end
1492 - with capture of city of Granada
reasons for the victory
granada:
- rulers were divided
- little help received from other muslim states eg. north africa
christian side:
- nobles of andalusia (area of castile nearest granada) knew area well & had experience in dealing with moorish opponents
- personal presence of 2 monarchs: ferdinand in charge of campaign & isabella ensured supplies reached armies
- use of heavy artillery ended sieges in weeks not months eg. firebombs
results of the war for the mudejars (muslims living under christian rule)
- allowed to keep wn religion, dress, customs & property
- allowed to emigrate
- out of originally half a million mudejars in granada, 200,000 died in fighting/were enslaved, 200,000 emigrated & 200,000 remained
results of war for F & I
- other rules in europe sent congratulations
- pope gave them title of ‘catholic monarchs’
- increased their prestige among other countries in europe
- assured them of positions on thrones
- use of artillery considerably developed during war = fixture in future wars
- brought some feeling of unity to kingdoms of castile & aragon as men from both fought together
actions after the war by F & I
- lopez de mendoza made governor
- crown took over most of land available by deaths/emigration of muslims
- influx of peasants from andalusia to settle in granada = enabled some continuity but not sufficient numbers to replace emigrated mudejars
- loss of trade to northern africa