the granada war 1482-1492 Flashcards

1
Q

why did they want to conquer granada

A

it was the last non-christian kingdom in the iberian peninsula

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2
Q

what gave I & F the opportunity for a military campaign against granada

A

the capture by Moors of a frontier town in adalusia in 1481

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3
Q

what did I & F believe the granada war to be

A
  • crusade
  • opportunity to complete reconquest & bring whole of iberian peninsula under christian rule
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4
Q

how was the granada war financed

A
  • pope allowed monarchs to keep cruzada & granted indulgences
  • pope gifted large silver cross which was carried by army
  • F & I increased taxation on towns & hermandad, & take out loans
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5
Q

define cruzada

A

tax/money offering which was earmarked for christian crusades against muslims

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6
Q

define indulgences

A

remission granted by church of temporal punishment due to sins already forgiven

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7
Q

reasons for conquest of granada

A
  • improve national security in castile
    –> additional land & trade available for castilians & 2 monarchs would have ensured whole of spain under christian rule
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8
Q

who was the army composed of

A
  • men joined army from all over spanish lands
  • hermandad supplied troops
  • many of nobility supplied forces
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9
Q

when did the war end

A

1492 - with capture of city of Granada

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10
Q

reasons for the victory

A

granada:
- rulers were divided
- little help received from other muslim states eg. north africa

christian side:
- nobles of andalusia (area of castile nearest granada) knew area well & had experience in dealing with moorish opponents
- personal presence of 2 monarchs: ferdinand in charge of campaign & isabella ensured supplies reached armies
- use of heavy artillery ended sieges in weeks not months eg. firebombs

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11
Q

results of the war for the mudejars (muslims living under christian rule)

A
  • allowed to keep wn religion, dress, customs & property
  • allowed to emigrate
  • out of originally half a million mudejars in granada, 200,000 died in fighting/were enslaved, 200,000 emigrated & 200,000 remained
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12
Q

results of war for F & I

A
  • other rules in europe sent congratulations
  • pope gave them title of ‘catholic monarchs’
  • increased their prestige among other countries in europe
  • assured them of positions on thrones
  • use of artillery considerably developed during war = fixture in future wars
  • brought some feeling of unity to kingdoms of castile & aragon as men from both fought together
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13
Q

actions after the war by F & I

A
  • lopez de mendoza made governor
  • crown took over most of land available by deaths/emigration of muslims
  • influx of peasants from andalusia to settle in granada = enabled some continuity but not sufficient numbers to replace emigrated mudejars
  • loss of trade to northern africa
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