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The Early Tudors > The Government of Henry Vii and the threats to his rule > Flashcards

The Government of Henry Vii and the threats to his rule Flashcards

1
Q

What happened at the Battle of Bosworth?

A

Henry Tudor defeated the Yorkist King(Richard III)

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2
Q

When was the Battle of Bosworth?

A

22nd August 1485

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3
Q

Why was Henry’s claim to the throne weak?

A

It was weak because his claim was largely through his mother Margaret Beaufort who was a descendant of Edward III by marriage

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4
Q

How did Henry have royal blood?

A

His grandmother was a French Princess who married Henry V before marrying Owen Tudor

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5
Q

Why did Henry VII become king?

A

He defeated Richard III

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6
Q

Why was Henry in a weak position as King?

A

He spent 14 years in exile and therefore was largely unknown so it would be harder to gain trust

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7
Q

Strengths of Henry’s position

A

⭐️Richard III had been unpopular
⭐️The country was weary of war after the War of Roses
⭐️Henry had not depended on another noble family to help him take the throne

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8
Q

One reason why Richard III was unpopular

A

It was rumoured that he had killed the ‘princes in the tower’ in order to become king

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9
Q

How did Henry use the Battle of Bosworth to his advantage?

A

He dated the start of his reign to the day before the Battle of Bosworth so that anyone who fought against him was seen as a traitor.This enabled Henry to seize their land and gain more wealth.

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10
Q

Why was Henry’s coronation before he met with Parliament?

A

So that it could be said that he had a claim to the throne because of hereditary rights and not because of a parliament sanction.This meant that people were less likely to complain he was king.

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11
Q

How did Henry unite the houses of Lancaster and York?

A

He asked for a papal dispensation to marry Elizabeth of York

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12
Q

Why did the coronation happen before the marriage?

A

So it could not be claimed that Henry owed the throne to his wife

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13
Q

How did Henry encourage other Yorkists to support him?(give example)

A

By giving some of the Yorkists who opposed him at the Battle another chance.For example reinstating the Duke of Northumberland.

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14
Q

Who were the two main Yorkists who had a strong claim to the throne after the Battle?

A

Richard III’s nephews
⭐️Edward,Earl of Warwick
⭐️John de la Pole,Earl of Lincoln

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15
Q

Why was Edward V,Earl of Warwick no longer a threat?

A

He was no longer a threat because he got locked in the Tower of London.

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16
Q

Why was the Earl of Lincoln no longer a threat?

A

He professed loyalty and was invited to join the King’s council.

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17
Q

Who did Henry V face opposition from during the early years of his reign?

A

⭐️Thomas Lovell
⭐️Yorkist opposition
⭐️Stafford and Suffolk
⭐️The Pretenders
⭐️Simnel and Warbeck

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18
Q

Attainders

A

laws that are passed by parliament without a trial

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19
Q

How did Henry benefit from the attainders?

A

The noble’s land and wealth would be taken away which gives him more power

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20
Q

Patronage

A

Monarch grants Nobles land used to gain support and loyalty

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21
Q

Who was the first monarch of the Tudor dynasty?

A

Henry VII

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22
Q

What year did Henry VII ascend to the throne?

A

1485

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23
Q

What battle did Henry VII win to become king?

A

The Battle of Bosworth Field

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24
Q

True or False: Henry VII was the last king of the Plantagenet dynasty.

A

True

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25
Fill in the blank: Henry VII established the __________ to strengthen his control over the nobility.
Court of Star Chamber
26
What was the main goal of Henry VII's government?
To consolidate power and stabilize the monarchy
27
Which financial strategy did Henry VII use to increase royal revenue?
Increasing taxes and improving financial administration
28
Name one threat to Henry VII's rule.
The pretenders to the throne, such as Lambert Simnel and Perkin Warbeck
29
True or False: Henry VII relied heavily on the support of the nobility.
False
30
What was the significance of the Act of Attainder?
It allowed Henry VII to confiscate the lands of those who opposed him.
31
What role did marriage alliances play in Henry VII's foreign policy?
They were used to secure peace and strengthen his position.
32
Who was Henry VII's queen consort?
Elizabeth of York
33
Fill in the blank: Henry VII's reign was marked by a focus on __________.
Stability and order
34
What was the purpose of the Council Learned in the Law?
To maintain control over finances and enforce royal prerogative.
35
True or False: Henry VII's rule was characterized by constant warfare.
False
36
What was the main consequence of the War of the Roses for Henry VII?
It led to a power vacuum that he exploited to claim the throne.
37
Which two factions were primarily involved in the Wars of the Roses?
The Lancasters and the Yorks
38
What was Henry VII's approach to the nobility?
He sought to limit their power and reliance on them.
39
Fill in the blank: Henry VII's government relied on __________ to manage his kingdom.
Bureaucracy
40
What was one of Henry VII's key economic policies?
Promoting trade and commerce
41
Name one of Henry VII’s children who became monarch.
Henry VIII
42
True or False: Henry VII had a peaceful relationship with France.
False
43
What was the primary threat posed by Perkin Warbeck?
He claimed to be Richard, Duke of York, a legitimate heir.
44
How did Henry VII deal with threats to his rule?
He used a combination of diplomacy, military action, and execution.
45
What was the significance of the Treaty of Etaples?
It secured peace between England and France.
46
Fill in the blank: Henry VII's reign is often considered a transition from __________ to __________.
Medieval to early modern England
47
Who was the leading figure in the rebellion against Henry VII in 1497?
James IV of Scotland
48
What role did the nobility play in Henry VII's government?
They were often sidelined to reduce their power.
49
True or False: Henry VII's reign ended with a major civil war.
False
50
What was the primary purpose of the royal court under Henry VII?
To serve as a center of power and influence.
51
Fill in the blank: Henry VII's government was characterized by the use of __________ to enforce loyalty.
Patronage
52
What was the primary legacy of Henry VII's reign?
The establishment of a strong Tudor monarchy.
53
Who was Henry VII's main financial advisor?
Sir Thomas Lovell
54
What was the outcome of the Lambert Simnel rebellion?
It was suppressed, and Simnel was captured.
55
True or False: Henry VII was known for his military prowess.
False
56
What did Henry VII do to ensure the loyalty of the gentry?
He granted them land and titles.
57
Fill in the blank: Henry VII's policy towards Scotland was primarily one of __________.
Diplomacy
58
What significant act did Henry VII pass in 1487?
The Act of Resumption
59
What was the primary focus of Henry VII's foreign policy?
To secure peace and stabilize the realm.
60
Who succeeded Henry VII after his death?
Henry VIII
61
What was the role of the Privy Council during Henry VII's reign?
To advise the king and manage state affairs.
62
Fill in the blank: The __________ was a significant financial institution created by Henry VII.
Exchequer
63
What was the significance of the marriage between Henry VII's daughter and James IV of Scotland?
It aimed to secure peace between England and Scotland.
64
True or False: Henry VII faced significant opposition from the Church.
False
65
What was one of the strategies Henry VII used to strengthen his rule?
He relied on a small but loyal group of advisors.
66
Fill in the blank: Henry VII's reign is often referred to as the beginning of the __________.
Tudor dynasty
67
What was the main reason for the establishment of the Star Chamber?
To deal with cases of aristocratic misbehavior.
68
Who led the Cornish Rebellion in 1497?
Michael An Gof
69
True or False: Henry VII's government emphasized the importance of law and order.
True
70
What was the outcome of the Cornish Rebellion?
It was suppressed, and its leaders were executed.
71
Fill in the blank: Henry VII's foreign policy was largely focused on __________.
Securing alliances
72
What was the primary impact of Henry VII's reign on the monarchy?
It restored stability and authority to the crown.
73
Who was the last significant pretender to Henry VII's throne?
Perkin Warbeck
74
True or False: Henry VII utilized marriage as a political tool.
True
75
What was one major reform Henry VII implemented in his government?
Strengthening the royal finances.
76
Fill in the blank: Henry VII's reign marked the end of __________.
The Wars of the Roses
77
What title did Henry VII hold before becoming king?
Duke of Richmond
78
True or False: Henry VII's rule was characterized by absolute monarchy.
False
79
What was the significance of the marriage between Henry VII and Elizabeth of York?
It united the warring factions of York and Lancaster.
80
Fill in the blank: Henry VII's government was known for its __________ approach to governance.
Pragmatic
81
What was the primary role of the Lord Chancellor under Henry VII?
To oversee legal matters and the administration of justice.
82
Who was the key figure in Henry VII's foreign diplomacy?
Bishop John Morton
83
True or False: Henry VII faced significant threats from foreign powers.
False
84
What was the main focus of Henry VII's domestic policy?
Maintaining peace and stability in England.
85
Fill in the blank: The __________ was a key institution for managing royal finances.
Royal Treasury
86
What was one of the key features of Henry VII's political strategy?
Avoiding conflict with powerful nobles.
87
True or False: Henry VII's reign was marked by economic prosperity.
True
88
What was the importance of the Act of Resumption in 1487?
It restored land to the crown that had been lost.
89
Who was Henry VII's most notable rival?
Richard III
90
Fill in the blank: Henry VII's reign emphasized the importance of __________ in governance.
Centralization
91
What was the primary method of enforcing loyalty among the nobility?
Use of bonds and recognizances.
92
True or False: Henry VII had a strong military background.
False
93
What was one of the consequences of the War of the Roses for England?
A weakened nobility and strengthened monarchy.
94
Fill in the blank: Henry VII's reign is often seen as the beginning of the __________.
Modern state
95
What was the role of the Lord Lieutenant in Henry VII's government?
To oversee the military and local governance.
96
Who were the main beneficiaries of Henry VII's patronage?
Loyal supporters and those who helped him claim the throne.
97
True or False: Henry VII faced no significant challenges to his authority.
False
98
What was the purpose of the royal council during Henry VII's reign?
To advise the king and implement policies.
99
Fill in the blank: Henry VII's policies often reflected a balance between __________ and __________.
Authority, diplomacy

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