The Golden Age Of The Weimar Republic 1924-28 - Social And Cultural Devlopments Flashcards
What did the phrase ‘kinder, kinche, kuche’ mean and what was it for?
It meant ‘children, church and kitchen’ and was used in the 2nd reich to describe the role of women in Germany
How did the role of women in politics and the law change from the 2nd reich?
- On the 12th November 1918, women were granted the vote by the council of peoples representatives, in an election that gained a 90% turnout
- from 1919 - 1932, 112 women were elected into the Reichstag
- in article 109, the Weimar stated that women had equal rights
For what reasons didn’t the role of women change from the 2nd reich?
- legal status of women under the German civil code remained and issues of female equality divided Reichstag opinions
- out of the political parties, most of their support came from the SDP and there was opposition from conservative parties that wanted women to return for pre-war roles
In what ways did the opportunity for work and employment change for women from the 2nd Reich?
- there was a rise in ‘white blouse’ jobs
- the concept of single women working became popular and they could also go further into education and enter professions
By 1933, what jobs were women seen in more consistently?
There were 36 female lawyers; the lower levels of legal profession rose from 54-251 and from 1925-33 the amount of female doctors doubled
Why did the roles for women in the workplace not change compared to the 2nd Reich?
- government policy said women should give up their jobs to soliders
- in 1925, the % of female workforce (36%) was reaching near pre war levels of 34%
- women were paired 33% less than men for the same roles
- they faced hostility and discrimination from men and TU’s were dominated by males
- in 1925, 50% of women were poorly paid and had blue collar jobs
How did women appear in society differently from the 2nd Reich?
- they abandoned traditional female behaviours in response to the racy city culture that developed in the 1920s. They tended to wear more revealing clothes, have shorter hair, smoked and drank and they behaved with male freedoms
How did the film industry display women differently and what was the reaction to this?
They glorified the image of the ‘new’ and ‘emancipated’ women however this was opposed by the older, conservative generation
How were women in the republic displayed in the same way in society as before?
- politicians and the media critiqued the ‘morality’ of the ‘new women’
- they faced sexual discrimination
- they were criticised for: not planning for the future or saving, being selfish, going against nature by taking on a boyish manner and causing the downfall of society
What were the different types of youth groups in the Weimar Republic?
Political youth groups, wandervogel, church youth groups
What was the civil code of 1896?
It concerned all aspects of personal and civil rights and responsibilities, which was needed after the unification of Germany in 1871 that saw the need to bring the separate laws to each state into a national framework
What were children in Germany expected to do after the age of 14 who didn’t attend gymnasium schools?
Leave school and begin an apprenticeship or employment
What were the unemployment rates for 14-21 year olds after 1924?
In 1925 it was 17%
Why were the unemployment rates so high amongst young people?
There has been a baby boom between 1900 and 1910, meaning that so many more young people were seeking employment at a time when workforces were already being reduced
How was the education system in Germany divided?
Other than a few elite, selective schools, the state education system was divided along class lines and religious lines because catholic and Protestant churches had powerful influence over religious education
