The Fundamental Unit of Life - Bio

Question 1

The word ___ came from latin word cellulae meaning ‘small room’

Answer 1

cell

Question 2

Cell

Answer 2

is the structural and functional unit of living beings which consists of a membrane covered mass of protoplasm.

Question 3

Cytology

Answer 3

(Cytos - cell, logos - study)
is the study of form and structure of cells as well as their organelles with the help of a microscope. These days cytology has been replaced by cell biology.

Question 4

Cell Biology

Answer 4

is the branch of biology that deals with the study of structure, biochemistry, physiology, reproduction, evolution and genetics of cells.

Question 5

Robert Hooke discovered cell in ___

Answer 5

1665, which observing dead piece of cork resembling honeycomb like structure under a primitive microscope.

Question 6

Anton Van Leeuwenhoek was the first to ___

Answer 6

observe a living cell in pondwater in 1674.

Question 7

J.E Purkinje called this the living matter inside the cell.

Answer 7

Protoplasm, in 1839.

Question 8

Who designed the electron microscope?

Answer 8

Knoll and Ruska (1932) of Germany
employed to study the ultrastructure of cell and various cell organelles in the 1940s.

Question 9

What does Cell theory state?

Answer 9

Bodies of living beings are made up of cells
Activities of an organism are the sum total activities of its cells
Cells arise de novo/spontaneously.
All living cells arise from pre - existing cells.

Also known as Cell doctrine/modern cell theory.

Question 10

Briefly state the respective scientists and their contribution to cell theory

Answer 10

German biologists MJ Schleiden (botanist) - 1838
T. Schwann (zoologist) - 1839
R. Virchow (1855) extension of cell theory - cells arise from pre - existing cells (Omnis cellula e cellula)

Louis Pasteur gave experimental evidence to support his theory.

Question 11

Largest cell:
Animals
Plants

Answer 11

Animals - Ostrich egg (15cm diameter)
Acetabularia(6-10 cm)

Question 12

Longest Cell:
Animals
Plants

Answer 12

Animals - Nerve cell (up to 1 m (100 cm))
Plants - Fibre

Question 13

Smallest Cell:
Animals
Plants

Answer 13

Animals - human cell (20 - 30 nanometer diameter)
Plants - PPLO (Pleuro Pneumonia Like Organism) (Mycoplasma - 0.1 - 0.5 nanometer)

Question 14

Write the shape of the given cells:
Nerve cell
Muscle Cell
Pigment cell of the skin
Germ cells of gonads
RBC
Eggs
Paramecium
Liver cells

Answer 14

Elongated
Spindle
Branched
Cuboidal
Discoidal/Saucer
Spherical
Slipper shaped
Polygonal