The Functions of Networking Flashcards
Topology that is effectively connected by one single cable
Bus topology
Topology that refers to the logical paths that the signals use to travel from one point on a network to another
logical topology
Topology that is effectively connected by one single cable
Bus topology
topology with one central connection device with an additional network device.
extended-star topology
Topology that refers to the logical paths that the signals use to travel from one point on a network to another
logical topology
Topology that refers to the logical paths that the signals use to travel from one point on a network to another
logical topology
topology that resembles the spokes in a bicycle wheel with one central connection device where all segments meet
star topology
topology with one central connection device with an additional network device.
extended-star topology
topology where all devices on the network are connected in the form a of a circle.
ring topology
topology where all devices connect to each other for redundancy and fault tolerance
full-mesh topology
topology where at least one device maintains multiple connections to all other devices without having all other devices fully meshed
partial-mesh topology
what tcp/ip layer is http
application
what tcp/ip layer is pop3
application
what tcp/ip layer is smtp
application
what tcp/ip layer is t1
data link
what tcp/ip layer is ip
network
what tcp/ip layer is ethernet
data link
what tcp/ip layer is ppp
data link
what tcp/ip layer is t1
data link
layer of osi that provides an interface between the communications software and the applications. also defines processes for user authentication
application
layer of osi whose main purpose is to define and negotiate formats such as ascii text, ebcdic text, binary, bcd, and jpeg. encryption is also defined by this layer
presentation
layer of osi defines how to start, control, and end conversations
session
layer of osi that deal with physical transmission medium including connectors, pins, electrical currents, etc
physical
osi layer device hosts
application/presentation/session or transport
osi layer device firewalls
application/presentation/session or transport
osi layer device router
network
osi layer device lan switch
data link
osi layer device wireless access point
data link
osi layer device cable modem
data link
osi layer device dsl modem
data link
osi layer device lan hub
physical
osi layer device lan repeater
physical
osi layer device cables
physical
10base-t speed/name/ieee standard
10mbps/ethernet/802.3
100base-t speed/name/ieee standard
100mbps/fast ethernet/802.3u
1000base-lx speed/name/ieee standard
1000mbps/gigabit ethernet/802.3z
1000base-t speed/name/ieee standard
1000mbps/gigabit ethernet/802.3ab
10gbase-t speed/name/ieee standard
10gbps/10 gig ethernet/802.3an
to send data, two devices follow rules called an
encoding scheme
how many bits in a mac address
48 bits
how many bytes long is a mac address
6 bytes
an address that represents one internet to the Ethernet LAN
unicast address
universally unique part of the mac address,
oui - organizationally unique identifier
oui - how many bytes/where is it located
first 3 bytes (24 bits)
media access control 802.3 defines the mac sublayer of ieee ethernet
MAC
3 other names often used instead of MAC address. These terms describe the 6-byte address of the LAN interface card
Ethernet address, NIC address LAN address
the 6-byte address assigned by the vendor making the card
burned-in address
a term for a mac address that represents a single lan interface
unicast
address that means “all devices that reside on this LAN right now”
broadcast address
on Ethernet, an address that implies some subset of all devices currently on the Ethernet lan
multicast address
the only field in the ethernet trailer that gives the receiving node a way to compare results with the sender, to discover whether errors occurred in the frame
fcs - frame check sequence
often used as synonyms in telco terminology; makes reference to the electrical circuit between two endpoints
leased circuit/circuit
links use serial lines
serial link/ serial line
refers to the fact that the topology stretches between two points, and two points only.
point-to-point link/line
specific type of leased line that transmits at 1.544 mbps
t1
refers to the fact that the data sent over the line cannot be copied by other telco customers
private line
router, serial interface card, and csu/dsu that belongs to or resides the customer’s property
cpe - customer premise equipment
serial cable male end that is connected to the customers router
dte - data terminal equipment
serial cable female end that is connected to the service providers router and provides the clocking for the serial connection
dce - data communications equipment
the process of hosts and routers forwarding ip packets, while relying on the underlying lans and wans to forward the bits
ip routing
addresses used to identify a packet’s source and destination host computer
ip addressing
protocol that aids routers by dynamically learning about the ip address groups so that a router knows where to route ip packets so that they go to the right destination host
ip routing protocol
another name for the default router
default gateway
how many bytes is a ip v4 header
4 bytes wide, total of 20 bytes
class A space
1-126 unicast
class B space
128-191 unicast
class C space
192-223 unicast
reserved ip space
127
class D space
224-239 multicast
class E space
240-255 experimental
FTP data port
20/tcp
FTP control port
21/tcp
SSH port
22/tcp
telnet port
23/tcp
SMTP port
25/tcp
DNS port
53/tcp or udp
DHCP port
67, 68 udp
TFTP port
69 udp
HTTP port WWW
80/tcp
POP3 port
110/tcp
SNMP port
161/udp
SSL port
443/tcp
the volume of bits per second needed for the application to work well
bandwidth
the amount of time it takes one ip packet to flow from sender to receiver
delay
variation in delay
jitter
the percentage of packets discarded by the network before they reach the destination, which when using tcp, requires retransmission
loss
uniform resource locator
url-web address
