The functioning organism

Question 1

Surface area to volume ration

Answer 1

Cellular and organism level. The bigger the surface area to volume ratio, the faster things move out of cells.
e.g. Desert and arctic fox, ears.

Question 2

Purpose of mitochondria within the cell

Answer 2

Produces energy got the cell via cell respiration

Question 3

Purpose of cell membrane within the cell

Answer 3

Controls what passes in and out of the cell

Question 4

Purpose of cytoplasm within the cell

Answer 4

Where reactions occur

Question 5

Purpose of nucleus within the cell

Answer 5

Controls cell activities, chromosomes are here

Question 6

Purpose of chloroplasts within the plant cell

Answer 6

Photosynthesis occurs here

Question 7

Purpose of cell wall within the plant cell

Answer 7

Support for the cell to prevent from bursting and collapsing

Question 8

Purpose of large vacuole within the plant cell

Answer 8

Contains cell sap, waste storage and controls water balance in the cell.

Question 9

Passive transport across membranes: Osmosis

Answer 9

• Passive process (does not require energy)
• Occurs in selectively permeable membranes
• Water moves through the semi-permeable membrane from an area of high concentration, to one of low concentration.
• Diffuses along own concentration gradient.

Question 10

Passive transport across membranes: Diffusion

Answer 10

• Passive process (does not require energy)
• Molecules move at high speed in random directions
• Driven by concentration gradient
• The larger the gradient, the faster the diffusion
• Occurs in permeable membranes too

Question 11

Passive transport across membranes: Facilitated diffusion

Answer 11

• Type of passive transport in a cell
• Transport of substances across a biological membrane from an area of high concentration to one of low concentration by means of a carrier molecule
• Energy is not required