The function of the endocrine system

Question 1

The endocrine system

Answer 1

A network of glands throughout the body that releases hormones to control and co-ordinate the body’s physiological systems.
Works closely with the ANS.

Question 2

Hormones

Answer 2

Chemical messengers released from endocrine glands

Question 3

Gland

Answer 3

Organ that releases hormones into the bloodstream.

Question 4

Adrenaline

Answer 4

A hormone released by the adrenal medulla that acts directly on the heart and circulatory system to increase heart rate, blood circulation and prepares muscles for exertion.

Question 5

Pituitary gland

Answer 5

Referred to as the master gland as it releases hormones that control the secretion of hormones from other endocrine glands.

Question 6

Hypothalamus

Answer 6

The hypothalamus controls the release of hormones from the pituitary gland, hence it is the control system that regulates the endocrine system in general.

Question 7

Examples of glands and their functions

Answer 7

Adrenal medulla - releases adrenaline and noradrenaline which play a key role in the fight or flight response by increasing heart rate and releasing stored glucose

Pineal gland - releases melatonin and regulates arousal, biological rhythms and the sleep-wake cycle.

Ovaries - releases oestrogen and regulates the female reproductive system, menstrual cycle and pregnancy