The Fun Ones Flashcards
TEXT CLARIFY LANGUAGE UNCLEAR
For Aristotle causation was related to BLANK and knowledge.
He figured to gain knowledge about a thing one had to know its cause. Explain
Teleology: explaining phenomena in terms of their purpose, not how they were caused.
According to Aristotle to know a thing we have to know 4 aspects of it:
1) Material cause: the matter a thing is made of. ex. Statue of marble
2) Efficient cause: Force that transforms the material into the thing. ex. sculptor
2) Formal cause: form/pattern of the thing. ex. marble shaped in aphrodite
3) Final cause: The thing’s purpose. ex. to give pleasure to worshippers of Aphrodite.
Explain the Aristotelean process of how we gain knowledge
Gathering sensory info was only the first step. (Necessary but not sufficient)
Aristotle how we gain knowledge
1. Sensory Info. Objects cause movement in media or medium that our sense(s) are attuned to.
ex. see red, feel hot, smell smoke.
2. Common Sense: Combines sensory info into synthesized experience.
ex. oh, that’s a fire.
3. Passive reason: using synthesized experience to get along in everyday life.
ex. stay close enough to stay warm, not too close though.
3. Active reason: Learning abstract principles from synthesized experience using rationality
ex. seeking the general laws of thermodynamics, understanding how heat works on a molecular level, etc…
SCPA
Note: Active reason is man’s highest potential and true purpose. It provides us the greatest pleasure.
Who invented associationism?
Describe it and what did their model of it look like?
Explain the influence of this idea
Aristotle
A theory explaining the formation of memory and ideas. Explains how ideas and memories are formed according to one or more laws of association.
Frequency: the more often things are experienced together the stronger the association in memory
Contiguity: experienced at the same time
Contrast: will cause thoughts of its opposite
Similarity: will cause thoughts of similar things
FCCS
INFLUENCE: The basis of learning theory for more than 2,000 years and the basis for modern learning theories.
