the french revolution Flashcards
when was the fortress prison demolished?
14 july 1789
name of the fortress prison
Bastille
who was the king when the treasury was empty?
Louis XVI or 16
when was the treasury empty
1774
why was the treasury empty
france had helped 13 american colonies gain independence from Britain
how much was france in debt
3 billion livres approx
who consisted of the first estate
clergy
the second estate included
nobility
the third estate consisted of
businessmen, merchants, lawyers, peasants, artists, servants
the term _________ is usually used to describe the society and institutions in France before 1789
old regime
peasants made up to about ___ per cent of the population
90
how much land was owned by nobles, the church and other richer members of the 3rd estate
60 percent
who did not have to pay taxes
estate 1 and 2, they enjoyed certain privileges by birth
the church extracted ______from the peasants
tithes
direct tax other name?
taille
the population of france rose from ____ in 1715 to ___ in 1789
23 million to 28 million
__ did not keep pace with the rise in prices
wages
an extreme situation where the basic means of livelihood are endangered is called?
subsistence crisis
how did the middle class earn their wealth?
expanding overseas trade and manufacturing goods like wool
the middle class believed that _____
no group is society should be privileged by birth, and that a person’s social position should depend on his/her merit.
a meeting of the ________ had to be called to pass proposal for new taxes
estates general
when was the meeting of the estate general called?
5 may 1789
how many representatives did 1 and 2 estate send each
300 each
how many members were present from third estate in the estates general meeting?
600
what did the members of the third estate demand?
each member should have 1 vote
when did the people of the 3rd estate declare themselves as a national assembly?
20 june
the assembly passed a decree abolishing the feudal system of obligations and taxes on ____
4 August 1789
who were forced to give up certain privileges
clergy
_____ was abolished
tithes
land owned by the _______ was confiscated
church
the government acquired assets worth at least -
2 billion livres
the national assembly completed the draft of the constitution in
1791
what was the main objective of the new constitution
to limit the powers of the monarch
france was a _______ in 1791
constitutional monarchy
the power now rested with (after new constitution)
different institutions instead of one person
who was allowed to vote
men above 25yrs who paid taxes equal to at least 3 days of a laborers wage
the constitution began with a -
declaration of the rights of man
the national assembly voted in ________ to declare a war against ____ and ___
April 1792, Prussia and Austria
________ is the national anthem of france
Marseillaise
members of the _______ club belonged to the less prosperous sections of the society
Jacobins
the leader of the Jacobins club was
Maximilian Robespierre
the members of the Jacobins club decided to wear
long striped trousers and a red cap symbolizing liberty
since when did men of 21 years of age or above regardless of wealth get to vote
august 10 1792 after imprisoning the royal family and holding elections
on _______ the newly elected assembly abolished the monarchy and declared France a republic
21 September 1792
the newly elected assembly in 1792 was called the -
convention
a famous womens’s club
The society of Revolutionary and Republic women
women wanted to-
have same political rights as men
have right to vote
be elected to the assembly
in early years, revolutionary govt. gave what all opportunities to women?
schooling was made compulsory
marraige was consensual and registred under civil law
divorce was made legal and could be applied by both genders
women could train for jobs and run small businesses
during _______ the right of women were snatched away again.
reign of terror
in ________ women of france won right to vote
1946
the ________ regime abolished slavery in french colonies
jacobin
the slave trade was between-
europe, africa, America
the slave trade began in ______ century
`
17th century
french merchants sailed from the ports of ______or __________
Bordeaux or Nantes
the slaves travelled from _______ to _________ in ships chained for 3 months
atlantic to carabbian
__________ was the final time slavery was abolished
1848
in ________ napolean bonaparte crowned himself emperor of france
1804
napolean was defeated at ______ in 1815
Waterloo
montesquieu proposed the idea of __________in his book the spirit of the laws
divison of power within the government between the legislative, executive and the judiciary
who were the middle class?
merchants, traders, lawyers, manufacturers
who wrote the pamphlet ‘What is the 3rd estate’
Abbe Sieyes
______ was born in the 2nd estate but led the 3rd estate towards the revolution
Mirabeau
how many members were there in the national assembly?
745 members
no of electors in national assembly?
50, 000 men
how many people were considered active citizens?
4 million people out of 28 million
how many were considered passive citizens?
about 3 million men
women and children and youth below age of 25
they had no voting rights
what is the symbol for becoming free?
the broken chain
the bundle of rods or fasces symbolizes-
strength lies in unity
the eye within a triangle radiating light symbolizes
all-seeing eye stands for knowledge
rays of sun will drive away clouds of ignorance
what is the sceptre
symbol of royal power
what symbolizes eternity?
snake biting its tail to form a ring
the red phyrygian cap symbolizes?
they are caps worn by slaves upon becoming free
what are the national colours of france?
blue, white, red
the winged woman symbolizes?
personification of law
the law tablet shows
that law is same for all
all are equal before it
