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French Wine Scholar Exam > The Foundation > Flashcards

The Foundation Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the macronutrients needed by the vine?

A

(NPK) Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium

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2
Q

What are the micronutrients needed by the vine?

A

(Bad Monogamous Cows Inspected Molten Zinc)

Boron, Magnesium, Copper, Iron, Manganese, Zinc)

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3
Q

Glass blowers didn’t make uniform bottle neck openings until what period in history?

A

The 1600’s

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4
Q

Who was instrumental in the creation of the first AOC?

A

Baron Pierre LeRoy Boise-eau-marie.

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5
Q

What are the four major requirements to be awarded AOP status?

A
  1. Delimited Area
  2. Authorised varieties
  3. Maximum permitted yields
  4. Regulated pruning/harvesting/winemaking and ageing.
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6
Q

What are the four major requirements for IGP wines?

A
  1. Specified zone of production
  2. Authorised varieties
  3. Prescribed minimum alcohol level
  4. Tasting panel approval
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7
Q

What is the purpose of the INAO?

A

To police and protect it’s wine and spirit AOC’s from wrongful marketing or misleading labelling, internally and abroad.

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8
Q

Gouais Blanc German synonym

A

Weisser Heunisch

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9
Q

Gouais Blanc x Pinot = ?

A

Aligote, Auxerrois, Chardonnay, Gamay

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10
Q

Gouais Blanc x Chenin Blanc = ?

A

Colombard

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11
Q

Gouais Blanc x Unknown = ?

A

Furmint

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12
Q

Gouais Blanc x Various = ?

A

Riesling, Blaufrankisch

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13
Q

Sauvignon x Unknown = ?

A

Chenin Blanc

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14
Q

Savignin x Unknown (Extinct?) = ?

A

Sauvignon Blanc

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15
Q

Ancient synonyms for Pinot

A

Morillon, Noiren, Avernat

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16
Q

What is Arrufiac?

A

An aromatic white variety that is approved for production in Pacherenc du Vic Bilh and Saint Mont

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17
Q

What is Baroque?

A

A white aromatic grape variety from the southwest, late ripening most of which are in the Tursan AOC.

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18
Q

What is Blanqueiron?

A

A blending white grape variety that is falling out of fashion, primarily found in the Ballet AOC.

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19
Q

What is Camaralet?

A

A white variety from the southwest that creates low alcohol wines with aromas of honey, fennel and cinnamon spice.

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20
Q

What is Chasan? Who are it’s parents?

A

A white grape variety from Languedoc-Roussillon that is a cross between Palomino and Chardonnay.

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21
Q

What is Codivarta?

A

A white variety from Corsica.

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22
Q

What is Grignet?

A

A white variety from Savoie, of which there are only 30ha planted, primarily in the Cru of L’Ayze.

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23
Q

What is Jacquère?

A

A white grape variety that accounts for half of the planted acreage in Savoie, and has Gouais as a parent.

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24
Q

What is Len de L’El?

A

A white grape variety from the Southwest that is native to Gaillac.

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25
Q

What is Sacy? Parentage?

A

A white Gouais x Pinot cross that is used in the production of Saint-Pourçain whites in the Loire and cremant de Bourgogne.

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26
Q

What is Saint-Come? AOC?

A

A high-acid, high-alcohol white grape susceptible to Botrytis, used in the Estaing AOC.

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27
Q

What is the synonym for Pinot Gris in Champagne?

A

Fromenteau.

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28
Q

What is Lladoner Pelut?

A

A red grape variety that is a hairy-leafed mutation of Grenache Noir.

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29
Q

What is Marselan? Parentage?

A

A red cabernet sauvignon x grenache cross developed in Montpellier and used in the wines of Languedoc-Roussillon that is late-ripening with small berries and thick skin.

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30
Q

What is the synonym for Graciano when it is planted in the Languedoc-Roussillon region of France?

A

Morrastel.

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31
Q

What is Mouyssagues?

A

A red variety grown in the southwest of France with 1Ha planted.

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32
Q

What is the French synonym for Sangiovese on Corsica?

A

Nielluccio.

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33
Q

What is Persan?

A

A red variety from Savoie.

34
Q

What is Portan? Parentage?

A

A red Grenache x Blue Portugeiser crossed by the INRA in 1958.

35
Q

What is Prunelard?

A

A parent of Malbec native to Garonne and has undergone resurgence.

36
Q

What is the synonym for Mammolo on Corsica?

A

Sciaccarello.

37
Q

Grapes are described as ‘early’ or ‘late’ ripeners relative to the harvest date of which variety?

A

Chasselas

38
Q

What is Palissage?

A

Trellis

39
Q

What is Tailler?

A

To Prune.

40
Q

What is Debourrement?

A

Bud Break

41
Q

What is Ebourgeonnage?

A

Bud Trimming

42
Q

What is Epamprage?

A

Desuckering

43
Q

What is Dechausser?

A

The removal of the hilled up earth at the base of the grape vine.

44
Q

What is Nouaison?

A

Berry Set.

45
Q

What is Aoutement?

A

The stopping of vegetative growth.

46
Q

What are the characteristics required for a wine to be considered ‘liquoreaux?’

A

The wine must have botrytis.

47
Q

What is ‘Moelleux?’

A

Semi-sweet wines that may or mayn’t have botrytis.

48
Q

Which method os rose production is traditional in Provence?

A

Direct Press

49
Q

What is the traditional method for rose wine production in Tavel?

A

Saignee

50
Q

Alsace used to be the only region in France authorised to grow riesling, until it was approved where?

A

Languedoc-Roussillon.

51
Q

Alsace runs between which two parallels?

A

47th and 49th.

52
Q

Alsace receives the lowest annual rainfall in France, how much?

A

400-500mm

53
Q

At what altitude are most of the vineyards in Alsace? How much annual sunshine hours does Alsace receive?

A

Most are planted 200-400MASL, and receives about 1800 sunshine hours per annum.

54
Q

What is the truth in labelling for variety in Alsace?

A

100%

55
Q

Gentil Cépage?

A

Must contain a minimum of 50% ‘noble’ varieties - Riesling Gewürztraminer, Muscat, Pinot Gris with the balance of Sylvaner, Chasselas and Pinot Blanc.

56
Q

What is Edelzwicker?

A

A blend of any approved Alsatian varieties. Grapes can be vinified together or separately, and vintage is optional.

57
Q

Are Edelzwicker and Gentil separate AOCs?

A

No, they are categories within the Alsace AOC

58
Q

What is the proportion of varietally labelled and blended wines in Alsace?

A

20% Blended, 80% Varietally Labelled.

59
Q

A wine labelled ‘Pinot Blanc’ or ‘Klevner’ can be made from which varieties?

A

Can be 100% Pinot Blanc, 100% Auxerrois blanc, or a blend of both.

60
Q

A wine labelled as ‘Pinot d’Alsace’ can be made from which varieties?

A

100% of either, or a blend of any. Auxerrois Blanc, Pinot Blanc, Pinot Noir, Pinot Gris.

61
Q

How many major soil types in Alsace?

A

13

62
Q

__% of the production of Alsace wine is by ____ producers.

A

80% of Alsace production is by 175 producers. There are 4400 growers in Alsace with 1200 producers.

63
Q

‘Dry’ Alsace Riesling has what maximum RS level? Are there exceptions?

A

9 g/L, except Grand Cru Vineyards that have a labelled Lieu-Dit.

64
Q

What are the production guidelines for Cremant d’Alsace?

A
  1. Must be handpicked
  2. Whites much be whole cluster pressed
  3. Rosé is 100% Pinot Noir (saignée or maceration)
  4. Aged 9 months sur lie
  5. Released at least one year after bottling
65
Q

What grape variety is forbidden for Cremant d’Alsace

A

Gewurztraminer

66
Q

When was the Cremant d’Alsace AOC created?

A

1976

67
Q

How many AOCs in Alsace?

A

53.
1 x Alsace AOC
51 x Alsace Grand Cru AOC
1 x Cremant d’Alsace AOC

68
Q

Alsace Communal AOC means what?

A

Is a sub-category for Alsace designed to recognised wine of heightened character. There are 13 communes recognised.

69
Q

What are some of the restrictions placed on Alsace Lieu-Dit AOC wines?

A
  1. Variety limitations
  2. Vine density
  3. Pruning and trellising
  4. Higher Grape Maturity Levels
  5. Restrictive Yields
70
Q

What percentage of Alsace wine is Grand Cru?

A

4%

71
Q

Blending Rules for Altenberg de Bergheim?

A
  • Minimum 50% Riesling (max 70%)
  • Minimum 10% Gewürztraminer/Pinot Gris (max 25%)
  • Not more than 10% of accessories
72
Q

Blending rules for Kaefferkopf?

A

60-80% Gewurztraminer
10-40% Riesling
<30% Gris
<10% Accessories such as Muscat

73
Q

Maximum Yields for Alsace AOC

A

White = 80hl/ha
Pinot Noir Rosé = 75hl/ha
Pinot Noir Red = 60hl/ha

74
Q

Maximum Yield for Alsace Communal AOC

A 
White = 72hl/ha
Red = 60hl/ha
75
Q

Maximum Yield for Alsace Lieu-dit AOC

A 
White = 68hl/ha
Red = 60hl/ha
76
Q

Maximum Yield for Alsace Grand Cru AOC

A

55hl/ha

77
Q

Maximum Yield for Cremant d’Alsace AOC

A

80hl/ha

78
Q

When was Champagne decreed to be sold in bottle rather than in cask?

A

1728

79
Q

What is the average amount of sunshine hours in Champagne per year?

A

1650

80
Q

What percentage of Pinot Noir accounts for the plantings in Champagne?

A

38%

81
Q

What percentage of Chardonnay accounts for the plantings in Champagne?

A

28%

82
Q

What percentage of Meunier accounts for the plantings in Champagne?

A

34%

French Wine Scholar Exam (1 decks)

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