The Final Power Struggle Flashcards
When does Mao call Deng Xiaoping back from the tractor factory? What positions
was he appointed to?
February 1973. Appointed to the Politburo’s standing committee. He was also appointed PLA chief of staff
What were the Four Modernisations programme? What was its aim?
The advancement of agriculture, industry, defence and science and technology. It ultimately focused on technological development
What was Ping Pong Diplomacy? When was Nixon invited to China?
USA table tennis teams were invited to play some matches in China during their tournament in Japan. Part of a thawing in Cold War Relations known as “detente”.
Invited to China in Feb 21th-28th 1972
What was the Anti-Confucius Campaign launched by Jiang Qing? Why did this
campaign fail?
The Anti-Confucius campaign was a political propaganda campaign started by Mao Zedong and his wife, Jiang Qing. The campaign produced detailed Maoist interpretations of Chinese history, and was used as a tool by the Gang of Four to attack their enemies. The campaign only ended in 1976, when the Gang of Four were arrested, ending the Cultural Revolution.
How did the Chinese people respond to the death of Zhou Enlai in 1976? What did
this show about Chinese culture? Why was Jiang Qing and her allies angered by this?
The people of Beijing began laying wreaths at the base of the Monument to the People’s Heroes in Tiananmen Square, honouring Zhou Enlai. It showed that the power that Mao and his allies had on the culture of China was fading. The Gang of Four were particularly angered by this as along with tributes were thinly disguised attacks on them.
What was the ‘Tiananmen Square incident’?
It was a mass gathering and protest that took place on 5 April 1976, at Tiananmen Square in Beijing. Was triggered by the death of Zhou Enlai earlier that year. Some people strongly disapproved of the removal of the displays of mourning, and began gathering in the Square to protest against the central authorities.
Why was Deng banished again? Where did he go this time?
Deng was banished as a result of the Tiananmen Square incident and was removed from all his political posts. Sent to a pig farm
When did Mao die? Who had he chosen to replace him?
9th September 1976. Hua Guofeng
What happened to the Gang of Four on 6th October 1976?
They were arrested. They were accused of entering an anti-party and anti-socialist alliance. Zhang Chunqiao faced life imprisonment. Yao Wenyuan served 20 years in prison. Wang Hongwen was sentenced to life imprisonment and later died of cancer in 1922. Jiang Qing faced life imprisonment but hanged herself in 1991
How and when did Deng Xiaoping become China’s new leader?
Deng outmaneuvered the late chairman’s chosen successor Hua Guofeng and became the de facto (the true and meant to be) leader of China in 1980.
