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Obstetrics And Gynecology > The Female Reproductive Tract > Flashcards

The Female Reproductive Tract Flashcards

1
Q

Genital ridge

A

Male
Testis

Female
Ovary

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2
Q

Mesonephric Ducts

A

Male
Epididymis, ductus deferens, ejaculatory duct

Female
Gartner duct

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3
Q

Paramesonephric Ducts

A

*If the mesonephric ducts give rise to ducts paramesonephric ducts give rise to none duct by name

Male
Prostatic utricle, appendix of testis

Female
Uterus, fallopian tubes, upper vagina

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4
Q

Genital Tubercle

A

Male
Glans penis, corpus cavernosum and spongiosum

Female
Glans clitoris, vestibular bulb

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5
Q

Urogential sinus

A

Urogential sinus give rise to sinusoidal or fluid reproduction

Male
-Cowper glands (bulbourethral)
-Prostate gland

Female
-Bartholin glands
-Skene glads (paraurethral)

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6
Q

Urogential folds

A

*Urogenital folds give rise to the external genitalia

Male
-Ventral shaft of penis

Female
-Labia minora

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7
Q

Labioscrotal swelling

A

More direct; from labio//scrotal

Male
Scrotum (scrotal)

Female
labia majora (labio)

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8
Q

The term used to describe the external organs that is visible in the perineal area

A

Vulva/ pudenda

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9
Q

The pudenda consists the visible structres from _____ to the ______.

A

Mons pubis to ther perineal body

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10
Q

Described as the fatty prominence anterior to the pubic symphisis, pubic tubercles and superior to the pubic rami

A

Mons pubis

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11
Q

The mons pubis is a mass of______ covcered with pubic hairs after puberty

three word

A

Fatty subq tissue

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12
Q

A. Labia Majora
B. Labia Minora

Two longitudinal folds of adipose & fibrous tissue which extend from mons pubis to perineal body

A

A. Labia Majoa

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13
Q

A. Labia Majora
B. Labia Minora

Two small cutaneous folds between the labia majora and the introitus ( or vaginal vestibule)

A

B. Labia minora

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14
Q

A. Labia Majora
B. Labia Minora
C. Both

Non keratinizing squamous epithelium

A

C

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15
Q

A. Labia Majora
B. Labia Minora
C. Both

Keratinizing squamous epithelium

A

A

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16
Q

A. Nulliparous
B. Multiparous

-The labia majora lies in close apposition
-Inner surface resembles the mucous membrane

A

A.

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17
Q

A. Nulliparous
B. Multiparous

Not visible behind the non-separated labia majora

A

A.

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18
Q

A. Nulliparous
B. Multiparous

Labia majora
Gape widely
Inner surface become skin-like

A

B.

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19
Q

A. Nulliparous
B. Multiparous

Labia Minora
- Project beyond the labia majora

A

B.

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20
Q

A. Labia minora
B. Labia majora

-with hair follicles
-with sweat glands

A

B.

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21
Q

A. Labia minora
B. Labia majora

-no hair follicles
-no sweat glands

A

A.

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22
Q

A. Labia majora
B. Labia minora
C. Both

  • with sebaceous glands
A

C.

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23
Q

A normally perforated thin memebrane to allow egress of menstrual blood secretions; can also be a pathology for pubertal stage but amennorheic

A

Hymen

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24
Q

What is caruncle myrtiformes

A

A hymen remnant in adult females

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25
Q

Erectile structure found beneath the anteriro joining of labia minora.

A

Clitoris

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26
Q

Made up of:
- glans
- corpus
- two crura

attachment: periosteum of the ischiopubic rami

A

Clitoris

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27
Q

Almond shaped area between the clitoris and the vaginal intoitus (opening)

A

Vestibule

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28
Q

2 glands found in the vestibule

A

A. Periurethral glands
B. Vulvovaginal glands

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29
Q

Other names for periurethral glands

A

Skene glands
lesser vestibular glands

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30
Q

Other names for vulvovaginal glands

A

Bartholin glands
greater vestibular glands

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31
Q

Type of gland of periurethral gland?

A

Tubuloalveolar

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32
Q

Type of gland of periurethral gland?

A

Tubuloalveolar

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33
Q

Compound alveloar or compound acinar gland is the
A. Vulvovaginal gland
B. Periurethral gland

A

A.

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34
Q

Secretes lubrication at the opening of the urethra

A. Skene
B. Bartholin

A

A.

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35
Q

Lubrication to the vagina with openings just aoutside the hymen

A. Skene
B. Bartholin
C. Periurethral gland
D. Vulvovaginal gland
E. A and C
F. B and D

A

F.

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36
Q

Six opening in the vestibule

A
  1. Vaginal introitus
  2. Urethral opening
  3. Skene glands opening
  4. Bartholin opening

Paired gland opening

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37
Q

Vulva: external genitalia
Cervix: innermost

From vestibule of vulva to the cervix is where the _____ is found

A

Vagina

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38
Q

True or False:

Accrodian like distensibility is most often found in teenage women

A

False

most often seen in reproductive aged women

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39
Q

Separates the vagina from the bladder and urethra

A. Vesicovaginal septum
B. Rectovaginal septum
C. Rectouterine pouch of Douglas
D. Upper vaginal vaults

A

A.

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40
Q

Seprates the upper portion of the vagina from the rectum

A. Vesicovaginal septum
B. Rectovaginal septum
C. Rectouterine pouch of Douglas
D. Upper vaginal vaults

A

C.

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41
Q

Seprates the lower portion of the vagina from the rectum

A. Vesicovaginal septum
B. Rectovaginal septum
C. Rectouterine pouch of Douglas
D. Upper vaginal vaults

A

B.

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42
Q

Subdivided in the anterior, posterior and two lateral fornices. The posteriro fornix provides surgical access to the peritoneal cavity.

A

Vaginal vaults

43
Q

Blood supply:
A. Upper 1/3
B. Middle 1/3
C. Lower 1/3

Cervical branch of the uterine artery and vaginal artery

A

A. Upper 1/3

44
Q

Blood supply:
A. Upper 1/3
B. Middle 1/3
C. Lower 1/3

Cervical branch of the uterine artery and vaginal artery

A

A. Upper 1/3

45
Q

Blood supply:
A. Upper 1/3
B. Middle 1/3
C. Lower 1/3

Uterine artery

46
Q

Blood supply:
A. Upper 1/3
B. Middle 1/3
C. Lower 1/3

Inferiror vesical arteries
Internal iliac artery
Middle rectal artery (post. Vaginal wall)

47
Q

Blood supply:
A. Upper 1/3
B. Middle 1/3
C. Lower 1/3

Internal pudendal artery

48
Q

Nerves:
A. Upper 1/3
B. Middle 1/3
C. Lower 1/3

Sympathetic via hypogastric plexus
Parasympathetic via S2-S4

49
Q

Nerves:
A. Upper 1/3
B. Middle 1/3
C. Lower 1/3

General somatic via the pudendal nerve

50
Q

Support:
A. Upper 1/3
B. Middle 1/3
C. Lower 1/3

Levator ani muscle
Transverse cervical, pubocervical and sacrocervical ligaments

51
Q

Support:
A. Upper 1/3
B. Middle 1/3
C. Lower 1/3

Urogenital diaphragm

52
Q

Support:
A. Upper 1/3
B. Middle 1/3
C. Lower 1/3

Perineal body

53
Q

This is the portion of the uterus that is the lowest and the narrowest

54
Q

Variants in cervix by shape:

A

Cylindric to conical

55
Q

Cervical canal= vagina= _____ os (?)

A

External os

56
Q

Cervical canal= uterus= _____ os (?)

A

Internal os

57
Q

Cervical histology:

Fibrous or muscular?

58
Q

Cervical histology: (Matching Type)

  1. Stratified squamous epi
  2. Columnar epi
  3. Transformation zone

A. Ectocervix
B. Endocervix
C. Most cervical dysplasia exists
D. NOTA

59
Q

Parts of the cervix:

A. Endocervix
B. Ectocervix

Supravaginal portion

60
Q

Parts of the cervix:

A. Endocervix
B. Ectocervix

Form isthmus to the ectocervix containing the endocervical canal

61
Q

Parts of the cervix:

A. Endocervix
B. Ectocervix

Extends from the squamo-columnar jxn to the external orifice

62
Q

Parts of the cervix:

A. Endocervix
B. Ectocervix

Crypts containing, highly ciliated columnar epi complex glands containing

63
Q

Parts of the cervix:

A. Endocervix
B. Ectocervix

NKSSE (non-keratinizing stratified squamous epi) and is hormone sensitive

64
Q

Parts of the cervix:

A. Endocervix
B. Ectocervix

Extensive amount of nerves

65
Q

Parts of the cervix:

A. Endocervix
B. Ectocervix

Few nerves only

66
Q

True or false (cervical bllod supply)

Cervicovaginal branch of the vaginal artery located at the medial walls

A

False

Cervicovaginal brach of the uterine artery located at the lateral walls

67
Q

Hollow, muscular organ that is located centrally in the female pelvis.

68
Q

2 major arterial supply of the uterus:

A

A. Uterine artery (rising from th internal iliac artery)
B. Ovarian artery

69
Q

Modified True or False:

The uterine vein (going to the external iliac vein) and the ovarian vein is the venous drainage of the the uterus.

A

False

The uterine vein (going to the external [internal] iliac vein) and the ovarian vein is the venous drainage of the the uterus.

70
Q

Innervation of the uterus

A

Inferior hypogastric plexus

71
Q

Histology of the uterus

A. Endometrium
B. Myomentrium
C. Serosa

Stratum funtionale and basale

72
Q

Histology of the uterus

A. Endometrium
B. Myomentrium
C. Serosa

Zona spongiosa and zona compacta

73
Q

Histology of the uterus

A. Endometrium
B. Myomentrium
C. Serosa

Inner and longitudinal
Middle oblique

Hood like pattern

74
Q

Histology of the uterus

A. Endometrium
B. Myomentrium
C. Serosa

The visceral peritoneum

75
Q

Histology of the uterus:

A. Stratum functionale
B. Stratum Basale

Responds to fluctuating hormonal levels and is the area where is sheds during menstruation

Supplied by the spiral arteries

76
Q

Histology of the uterus:

A. Stratum functionale
B. Stratum Basale

Supplied by the straight arteries

77
Q

ARSS stands for the arterial supply of the uterus which are? (In order)

A

Arcuate> Radial> Straight> Spiral
(Myo)> (Myo)> (Endo)> (Endo)

78
Q

Sections of the uterus:
A. Isthmus
B. Fundus
C. Corpus uteri

Area between corpus uteri and the cervix
Short area of constriction in the LUS (Lower Uterine Segment)

79
Q

Sections of the uterus:
A. Isthmus
B. Fundus
C. Corpus uteri

The area that is very dynamic that undergoes stretching and thinning

80
Q

Sections of the uterus:
A. Isthmus
B. Fundus
C. Corpus uteri

The rounded/ dome shaped portion on the top of the uterus (above a plane connecting the two fallopian tubes)

81
Q

Sections of the uterus:
A. Isthmus
B. Fundus
C. Corpus uteri

Upper 2/3 is the active segment (muscles are thick and participates in contraction of uterus)

82
Q

Sections of the uterus:
A. Isthmus
B. Fundus
C. Corpus uteri

The passive segment is the lower 1/3 of the uterus where the myometrium is thinner and does not participate in contraction

83
Q

True or false

The former isthmus becomes the uterine lower segment in the phase of contraction.

84
Q

Four anatomic sections of the uterine tube (fallopian tube)

A
  1. Intramural interstitial
  2. Isthmus
  3. Ampulla
  4. Infundibulum
85
Q

True or False
The intramural interstitium are surrounded by endometrial lining by histology

A

False

The intramural interstitium are surrounded by myometrium lining by histology

86
Q

Clinical correlates:

Ectopic pregnancies % occurence from highest to lowest

Intramural/ Interstitial
Isthmus
Ampulla
Infundibulum

A

Ampulla> Isthmus> Infundibulum> Intramural/Interstitial

87
Q

True or False

The narrow portion of the tube that adjoints the uterus, passes gradually into the wider, lateral portion is the isthmus

88
Q

True or False

The ampulla is the fimbriated extremity of the uterine tubes and the opeining distal end of the fallopian tube

A

False

The infundibulum is the fimbriated extremity of the uterine tubes and the opeining distal end of the fallopian tube

89
Q

True or False

The site of fertilization is at the ampulla

90
Q

True or False

The site of fertilization is at the ampulla

91
Q

The site where the muscule is highly developed, narrowest portion, clipping is mostly done at this site (for sterilization), preferred site for tubal ligation

92
Q

True or False

The ovaries are covered by th peritoneum

A

False

The ovaries are not covered by the peritonium

93
Q

True or False

The ovaries are covered by th peritoneum

A

False

The ovaries are not covered by the peritonium

94
Q

The pelvic bones consists of 3 which are:

A

2 hip bones
1 Sacrum
1 Coccyx

95
Q

AP conjugates of the pelvic inlet:

True conjugate measures ___ cm and is measureed from ____ promontory to the upper part of the PS (Pubic symphisis)

A

A. 11
B. Sacral promontory

96
Q

AP conjugates of the pelvic inlet:

Diagonal conjugate is measured from the ____ promontory and to the ____ of the PS.

True or false:
The only conjugate that can be measured clinically

A

A. Sacral
B. Lower part

True

97
Q

AP conjugates of the pelvic inlet:

Obstetric conjugate is measured from the ____ promontory and to the ____ of the PS.

True or False:

Is important in parturition and is computed using:
(OC=DC-1.5 to 2)

A

A. Sacral
B. Mid-portion

True

98
Q

The classification used for assessing pelvic diameter:

A

Cladwell-Moloy Calssification

99
Q

According to Caldwell-Moloy the classification is divided into pelvic assesment of what?

A. Pelvic Inlet
B. Pelvic Cavity
C. Pelvic Outlet
D. A and B
E. A and D
F. A, B, and C

100
Q

According to Caldwell-Moloy the classification is divided into pelvic assesment of what?

A. Pelvic Inlet
B. Pelvic Cavity
C. Pelvic Outlet
D. A and B
E. A and D
F. A, B, and C

101
Q

Round shape pelvic inlet

A. Gynecoid
B. Anthropoid
C. Android
D. Platypelloid

102
Q

Anteroposteriorly shaped PI

A. Gynecoid
B. Anthropoid
C. Android
D. Platypelloid

103
Q

The only sacral angle that is <90 degrees inclined forward

A. Gynecoid
B. Anthropoid
C. Android
D. Platypelloid

Obstetrics And Gynecology (2 decks)

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