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gen ana 2 > THE EYE > Flashcards

THE EYE Flashcards

1
Q

the peripheral organ of vision, is situated in a skeletal cavity, the orbit

A

The Eyeball

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2
Q

The eyeball is embedded in orbital fat, separated from it by a thin fascial sheath

A

capsule of Tenon

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3
Q

further divided into anterior chamber and posterior chamber due to the position of the iris.

A

Anterior Cavity

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4
Q

contains the aqueous humor produced by the ciliary process.

A

Anterior Cavity

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5
Q

located behind the lens
contains the vitreous humor enclosed in hyaloid membrane

A

Posterior Cavity

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6
Q

The Layers of the Eyeball: sclera and cornea

A

Fibrous coat

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7
Q

The Layers of the Eyeball : choroid, ciliary body and the iris

A

Vascular coat

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8
Q

The Layers of the Eyeball - retina

A

Neural coat

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9
Q

relatively hard consistency, is a dense layer which, when distended by intraocular pressure, maintains the shape of the eyeball

A

The Sclera

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10
Q

external surface is white and smooth and is in contact with the inner surface of the fascial sheath of the eyeball

A

The Sclera

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11
Q

provides passage for nerves of the cornea and vascular autonomic nerves and attachment for extrinsic eye muscles

A

The Sclera

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12
Q
  • is the anterior, projecting transparent part of the external tunic, and
A

The Cornea

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13
Q

its tear film cover is the major site of refraction of light entering the eye.

A

The Cornea

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14
Q

3 The Vascular Coat

A

Choroid
Ciliary Body
Iris

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15
Q

a thin, highly vascular, dark brown tissue which lines almost the posterior five-sixths of the eye;

A

The Choroid

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16
Q

it is pierced behind by the optic nerve and is firmly adherent to the sclera;

A

The Choroid

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17
Q

directly continuous with the choroid behind and with the iris in front

A

The Ciliary Body

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18
Q

It is also a major source of aqueous fluid for the anterior segment of the eye

A

The Ciliary Body

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19
Q

is an adjustable diaphragm around a central aperture

A

The Iris

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20
Q

the pupil, which controls the amount of light entering the eye

A

The Iris

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21
Q

The concentration of melanocytes is the main factor determining the hue of the iris.

A

The Iris

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22
Q

This is a flat annulus of smooth muscle about 0.75 mm wide and 0.15 mm thick.

A

Sphincter Pupillae

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23
Q

Its densely packed fusiform myocytes are often arranged in small bundles, as in the ciliary muscle, and pass circumferentially around the pupil.

A

Sphincter Pupillae

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24
Q
  • A thin stratum lying immediately anterior to the epithelium of the posterior iridial surface,
A

Dilator Pupillae

25
Q
  • its fibers are in fact the muscular processes of the anterior layer of this epithelium,
  • their apical processes form the epithelium itself.
A

Dilator Pupillae

26
Q

Muscles of the Iris

A

Sphincter Pupillae
Dilator Pupillae

27
Q

The Neural Coat

A

Retina

28
Q
  • is the neural, sensory stratum of the eyeball
  • It is thin, being thickest near the optic disc
A
29
Q

Near the centre of the retina is an oval, yellowish area, which has a central

A

the macula lutea

30
Q

the ___, where visual resolution is highest

A

fovea centralis

31
Q

chiefly responsible for high spatial resolution and colour vision in good lighting conditions
(photopic vision),
- highly concentrated at the fovea centralis, but they populate the whole retina, intermingled with rods

red, green and blue

A

Cone cells

32
Q
  • provide high monochromatic sensitivity to a much wider range of illumination down to much lower intensities (scotopic vision)
A

Rods

33
Q

This region, where retinal tissues meet the neural elements of the optic nerve
- also provides a point of entry and exit for the retinal circulation.
- superomedial to the posterior pole of the eye

A

Optic Disc

34
Q

The components of the eye which transmit and refract light

A

The Refractive Media

35
Q

The Refractive Media

A

Cornea,
Aqueous humor,
Lens,
Vitreous humor.

36
Q

an avenue for nutrients, and metabolic exchange for the avascular tissues of the cornea and lens.

A

Aqueous Humour

37
Q

fills the vitreous chamber, occupying about four-fifths of the eyeball.
- It is colourless, consisting of approximately 99% water, and although apparently structureless, a sparse but organized cellular and fibrous content is present.

A

Vitreous Body

38
Q

Internally it shows a scalloped periphery where it is continuous with the choroid and retina, termed the

A

ora serrata.

39
Q

is a transparent, encapsulated, biconvex body, placed between the iris and the vitreous body

A

Lens

40
Q

encircled by the ciliary processes, to which it is attached by the zonular fibres collectively forming the zonule holding the lens in place and transmitting the forces stretching the lens except in visual accommodation.

A

Lens

41
Q

A condition in which objects, both near and far, appear blurred.

A

Astigmatism

42
Q

Is a cloudiness or opacificationin the normally clear and transparent lens of the eye

A

Cataract

43
Q

The Accessory Structures of the Eye

A
  1. The Eyelids
  2. The Lacrimal Apparatus
  3. The Eye Muscles
44
Q

2 movable folds, with the upper being more larger and movable, due to the presence of the levator palpebra superioris.

A

The Eyelids

45
Q

Layers of the Eyelid

A

Skin
Loose subcutaneous tissue
Muscular layer
Submuscular layer
Tarsal plates
Conjunctiva

46
Q

which secretes a complex fluid (tears) and whose excretory ducts convey fluid to the surface of the eye,

A

lacrimal gland

47
Q

The Lacrimal Apparatus

A

lacrimal gland
lacrimal canaliculi
lacrimal sac
nasolacrimal duct

48
Q

located superolaterally along the orbit

A

Lacrimal Gland

49
Q

conducts the tears to the lacrimal sac

A

Lacrimal Canaliculi

50
Q

located in the lacrimal fossa
presents a fundus

A

Lacrimal Sac

51
Q

located in the lacrimal fossa
presents a fundus

A

Lacrimal Sac

52
Q

drains into the inferior nasal meatus

A

Nasolacrimal Duct

53
Q

drains into the inferior nasal meatus

A

Nasolacrimal Duct

54
Q

contains the eyeball in its anterior part and the posterior part is filled with fat, fascia, muscles, blood vessels and nerves

A

The Orbit

55
Q

separates the anterior and posterior

A

Capsule of Tenon

56
Q

lines the orbit and is continuous with the dura mater of the brain

A

Periorbita

57
Q

Lateral rectus is supplied by the

A

Abducent N.

58
Q

Superior oblique is supplied by the

A

Trochlear N.

59
Q

The rest of the eye muscle is supplied by the

A

Oculomotor N.

gen ana 2 (2 decks)

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